the pem in which children ages 18 24 months display edema of the extremities torso and face fatty liver sparse yellow hair and receive adequate kiloca
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019

1. The PEM in which children ages 18-24 months display edema of the extremities, torso, and face, fatty liver, sparse yellow hair, and receive adequate kilocalories but not enough high-quality proteins is called?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Kwashiorkor is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by edema, fatty liver, and other symptoms, typically resulting from inadequate protein intake despite adequate calorie intake.

2. A client with cirrhosis and ascites is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a client with cirrhosis and ascites, decreasing carbohydrate intake is essential as it helps reduce the production of ascitic fluid. Excess carbohydrates can lead to fluid retention. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Decreasing fluid intake can worsen dehydration, increasing saturated fat intake is not recommended due to its impact on liver health, and increasing sodium intake can worsen fluid retention and exacerbate ascites in these clients.

3. Substance abuse is different from substance dependence in that, substance dependence:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. Of the following neurotransmitters, which demonstrates inhibitory action, helps control mood and sleep, and inhibits pain pathways?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. Which physiologic effect should the nurse expect in a client addicted to hallucinogens?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Clients addicted to hallucinogens often exhibit constricted pupils due to the effects of the drug on the sympathetic nervous system. This sympathetic stimulation causes the pupils to constrict rather than dilate. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Dilated pupils are more commonly associated with stimulant use, while bradycardia (slow heart rate) and bradypnea (slow breathing) are not typical effects of hallucinogens.

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