ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. The PEM in which children ages 18-24 months display edema of the extremities, torso, and face, fatty liver, sparse yellow hair, and receive adequate kilocalories but not enough high-quality proteins is called?
- A. Marasmus
- B. Kwashiorkor
- C. Anemia
- D. Noma
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Kwashiorkor is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by edema, fatty liver, and other symptoms, typically resulting from inadequate protein intake despite adequate calorie intake.
2. A patient who reports stomach ulcers should avoid all the following foods, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Proteins
- B. Caffeine
- C. Calcium
- D. Wheat
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Patients with stomach ulcers are advised to avoid foods that can increase stomach acid levels, such as caffeine, proteins, and calcium. Wheat, on the other hand, is generally well-tolerated by individuals with ulcers as it does not stimulate gastric secretions. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A (Proteins), B (Caffeine), and C (Calcium) are not recommended for patients with stomach ulcers due to their potential to exacerbate symptoms.
3. Angie is a disoriented client who frequently falls from the bed. As her nurse, which of the following is the best nursing intervention to prevent future falls?
- A. Tell Angie not to get up from bed unassisted
- B. Put the call bell within her reach
- C. Put bedside commode at the bedside to prevent Angie from getting up
- D. Put the bed in the lowest position ever
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
4. 24 hours after the creation of a colostomy, what should Nurse Violy identify as the normal appearance of the stoma?
- A. Pink, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
- B. Gray, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
- C. Pink, dry, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
- D. Red, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Following colostomy surgery, a healthy stoma should appear pink, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen, which is why option 'A' is the correct answer. A gray stoma (choice 'B') could indicate poor blood supply or necrosis, which is a serious complication. A dry stoma (choice 'C') is also not normal as it should be moist; a dry stoma may suggest dehydration or other complications. While a stoma can appear red (choice 'D'), this is not typically the normal color; it should usually be pink. Therefore, it's important for healthcare professionals to correctly identify the normal and abnormal appearances of a stoma to ensure proper patient care.
5. A client is following Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Which of the following dietary guidelines should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Replace salt with pepper when seasoning food.
- B. Request that coffee is removed from meal trays.
- C. Offer pork with two meals per week.
- D. Provide a high-protein snack between meals.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Seventh-Day Adventists typically avoid stimulants like caffeine, so requesting that coffee be removed from meal trays is appropriate. Choice A is incorrect because it does not specifically relate to Seventh-Day Adventist dietary guidelines. Choice C is incorrect as pork is generally avoided in Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the specific dietary preferences of Seventh-Day Adventist clients.
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