ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. The parent of an 8.2-kg (18-lb) 9-month-old infant is borrowing a federally approved car seat from the clinic. The nurse should explain that the safest way to put in the car seat is what?
- A. Front facing in back seat
- B. Rear facing in back seat
- C. Front facing in front seat with air bag on passenger side
- D. Rear facing in front seat if an air bag is on the passenger side
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Infants should be placed rear-facing in the back seat until they are at least 2 years old or exceed the weight/height limit of their car seat for optimal safety.
2. Babies who spend more time alert are likely to have __________.
- A. parents who feel incompetent
- B. a slight advantage in mental development
- C. a big disadvantage in social development
- D. parents who must exert great effort to soothe them
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Babies who spend more time alert are likely to have a slight advantage in mental development. Being alert allows babies to engage with their surroundings, explore, and learn, which can contribute to their cognitive development. This is different from social development, which is more related to interactions with others, and not necessarily impacted by the amount of alertness a baby displays. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because there is no direct correlation between a baby's alertness and their parents' feelings of incompetence, a big disadvantage in social development, or the effort parents need to soothe them.
3. What lab value should be prioritized in a patient with HIV?
- A. CD4 T-cell count below 180 cells/mm3
- B. White blood cell count
- C. Serum albumin levels
- D. Hemoglobin levels
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: CD4 T-cell count below 180 cells/mm3. Monitoring the CD4 T-cell count is crucial in patients with HIV as it indicates the level of immunocompromise. A count below 180 cells/mm3 signifies severe immunocompromise and an increased risk of opportunistic infections. Choices B, C, and D are not the priority lab values in HIV management. While white blood cell count, serum albumin levels, and hemoglobin levels are important, they do not directly reflect the immune status and progression of HIV as the CD4 T-cell count does.
4. A nurse receives a report from an assistive personnel that a client's BP is 160/95. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Administer antihypertensive medication
- B. Notify the healthcare provider
- C. Recheck the blood pressure
- D. Document the blood pressure in the chart
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse in this scenario is to recheck the blood pressure. This step is crucial to confirm the accuracy of the initial reading. Administering antihypertensive medication without verifying the blood pressure could lead to inappropriate treatment. Notifying the healthcare provider can be done after ensuring the accuracy of the reading. Simply documenting the blood pressure without validation may result in acting on potentially incorrect information. Therefore, the priority is to recheck the blood pressure.
5. A client receiving chemotherapy is being taught about infection prevention by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Wear a mask when gardening.
- B. Avoid crowds to reduce the risk of infection.
- C. You should take a daily vitamin to prevent infection.
- D. Increase your intake of high-protein foods.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid crowds to reduce the risk of infection.' Clients receiving chemotherapy are immunocompromised, so avoiding crowds can help decrease the likelihood of exposure to infections. Wearing a mask when gardening (choice A) is important but not directly related to infection prevention in the context of chemotherapy. Taking a daily vitamin (choice C) may be beneficial for overall health but is not specifically focused on infection prevention. Increasing intake of high-protein foods (choice D) is essential for nutrition but does not directly address infection prevention.
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