a hispanic toddler has pneumonia the nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray foo

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this?

A. The parent is trying to feed the child only what the child likes most
B. Hispanics believe the evil eye enters when a person gets cold
C. The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate hot remedies
D. Hispanics believe an innate energy called chi is strengthened by eating soup

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Hispanic culture, the balance between hot and cold is important, and the parent may be giving the child broth to restore this balance while avoiding "cold" foods.

2. What is a clinical manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning?

A. Hyperpyrexia
B. Hepatic involvement
C. Severe burning pain in stomach
D. Drooling and inability to clear secretions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acetaminophen poisoning primarily affects the liver, leading to hepatic involvement, which may present as jaundice, liver failure, or elevated liver enzymes. Hyperpyrexia, severe pain, and drooling are more associated with other types of poisoning.

3. A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung disease is hospitalized for surgery. A temporary colostomy will be necessary. How should the nurse prepare this child?

A. It is unnecessary because of child’s age.
B. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
C. Preparation is not needed because the colostomy is temporary.
D. Preparation is important because the child needs to deal with negative body image.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Preparation is essential even for a young child, as they need to adjust to the temporary colostomy and understand the changes to their body, which can be confusing and distressing without proper explanation.

4. The charge nurse in the pediatric unit is teaching nursing students about pyloric stenosis. A student asks what causes pyloric stenosis. How should the nurse respond?

A. One portion of the intestines invaginates or telescopes into another
B. Hypertrophy of the circular pylorus muscle
C. Relaxed cardiac sphincter
D. Absent ganglion cells in the colon

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is caused by the hypertrophy (thickening) of the circular muscle of the pylorus, leading to obstruction. Choice A is incorrect as it describes intussusception, not pyloric stenosis. Choice C is incorrect as a relaxed cardiac sphincter is related to gastroesophageal reflux. Choice D is incorrect as it describes Hirschsprung's disease, not pyloric stenosis.

5. Which immunization is recommended for all newborns?

A. Hepatitis A vaccine
B. Hepatitis B vaccine
C. Hepatitis C vaccine
D. Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the Hepatitis B vaccine. This vaccine is recommended for all newborns to prevent Hepatitis B infection, which can lead to chronic liver disease and liver cancer. The Hepatitis B vaccine is a crucial part of the routine immunization schedule for infants. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the recommended vaccine for newborns is specifically Hepatitis B, not Hepatitis A, Hepatitis C, or a combination of Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines.