a hispanic toddler has pneumonia the nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray foo

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this?

A. The parent is trying to feed the child only what the child likes most
B. Hispanics believe the evil eye enters when a person gets cold
C. The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate hot remedies
D. Hispanics believe an innate energy called chi is strengthened by eating soup

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Hispanic culture, the balance between hot and cold is important, and the parent may be giving the child broth to restore this balance while avoiding "cold" foods.

2. Why is it difficult to assess a child’s dietary intake?

A. No systematic assessment tool has been developed
B. Biochemical analysis for assessing nutrition is expensive
C. Families usually do not understand much about nutrition
D. Recall of food consumption is frequently unreliable

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Recall of food intake, especially amounts eaten, is often unreliable. While systematic tools like the 24-hour recall and dietary history questionnaires exist, recall can still be challenging in accurately assessing a child's dietary intake. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because systematic assessment tools do exist, biochemical analysis is not the primary method for dietary assessment, and families' understanding of nutrition may vary but is not the main reason for the difficulty in assessing a child's dietary intake.

3. The Asian parent of a child being seen in the clinic avoids eye contact with the nurse. What is the best explanation for this considering cultural differences?

A. The parent feels inferior to the nurse
B. The parent is showing respect for the nurse
C. The parent is embarrassed to seek health care
D. The parent feels responsible for her child's illness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially towards authority figures such as healthcare providers.

4. An infant requires surgery for repair of a cleft lip. An important priority of the preoperative nursing care is which?

A. Initiating discharge teaching
B. Performing baseline physical and behavioral assessment
C. Observing for allergic reactions to preoperative antibiotics
D. Determining whether this defect exists in other family members

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Performing a baseline physical and behavioral assessment is crucial to determine the infant's current health status and to identify any potential risks before surgery.

5. What condition is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children?

A. Pyelonephritis
B. Tubular destruction
C. Severe dehydration
D. Upper tract obstruction

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Severe dehydration is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children, as it leads to prerenal azotemia, which can progress to renal failure if not corrected. Other causes like pyelonephritis and tubular destruction are less common and usually secondary to other conditions.