Nursing Elites

1. A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this?

• A. The parent is trying to feed the child only what the child likes most
• B. Hispanics believe the evil eye enters when a person gets cold
• C. The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate hot remedies
• D. Hispanics believe an innate energy called chi is strengthened by eating soup

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Hispanic culture, the balance between hot and cold is important, and the parent may be giving the child broth to restore this balance while avoiding "cold" foods.

2. The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active?

• A. Ask her, "Are you sexually active?"
• B. Ask her, "Are you having sex with anyone?"
• C. Ask her, "Are you having sex with a boyfriend?"
• D. Ask both the girl and her parent if she is sexually active

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Directly asking the adolescent if she is sexually active is the most straightforward and respectful approach, ensuring privacy and fostering trust.

3. A foster parent is talking to the nurse about the health care needs for the child who has been placed in the parent's care. Which statement best describes the health care needs of foster children?

• A. Foster children always come from abusive households and are emotionally fragile.
• B. Foster children tend to have a higher than normal incidence of acute and chronic health problems.
• C. Foster children are usually born prematurely and require technologically advanced health care.
• D. Foster children will not stay in the home for an extended period, so health care needs are not as important as emotional fulfillment.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Foster children often have higher rates of acute and chronic health problems due to a variety of factors, including previous neglect, trauma, and inconsistent healthcare access.

4. The Asian parent of a child being seen in the clinic avoids eye contact with the nurse. What is the best explanation for this considering cultural differences?

• A. The parent feels inferior to the nurse
• B. The parent is showing respect for the nurse
• C. The parent is embarrassed to seek health care
• D. The parent feels responsible for her child's illness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially towards authority figures such as healthcare providers.

5. What is the most appropriate intervention for a child with suspected acute appendicitis?

• A. Administer antibiotics
• B. Apply heat to the abdomen
• C. Encourage oral fluids
• D. Prepare for surgery

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prepare for surgery. Acute appendicitis is a surgical emergency that requires prompt removal of the appendix to prevent complications like rupture and peritonitis. Administering antibiotics (choice A) may be part of the treatment plan but should not delay surgical intervention. Applying heat to the abdomen (choice B) is not recommended as it can worsen the inflammation of the appendix. Encouraging oral fluids (choice C) is generally beneficial, but the priority in acute appendicitis is surgical intervention.

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