the nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis the nurse understands that the

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

A. 2 to 4 years
B. 5 to 7 years
C. 8 to 10 years
D. 11 to 13 years

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The peak age for the onset of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is typically between 5 and 7 years old. This age group is most affected due to the higher incidence of streptococcal infections in school-aged children, which can lead to this renal complication.

2. Which pediatric condition is most likely to present with a "whooping" sound during coughing?

A. Croup
B. Bronchitis
C. Pertussis
D. Asthma

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pertussis. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is characterized by a "whooping" sound during coughing episodes. This distinctive sound is due to the rapid intake of air after a series of coughs. Choice A, Croup, typically presents with a barking cough and stridor. Choice B, Bronchitis, is characterized by a productive cough with mucus. Choice D, Asthma, usually presents with wheezing and shortness of breath.

3. What is a clinical manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning?

A. Hyperpyrexia
B. Hepatic involvement
C. Severe burning pain in stomach
D. Drooling and inability to clear secretions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acetaminophen poisoning primarily affects the liver, leading to hepatic involvement, which may present as jaundice, liver failure, or elevated liver enzymes. Hyperpyrexia, severe pain, and drooling are more associated with other types of poisoning.

4. The nurse is preparing to assess a 10-month-old infant. He is sitting on his father's lap and appears to be afraid of the nurse and of what might happen next. Which initial actions by the nurse should be most appropriate?

A. Initiate a game of peek-a-boo.
B. Ask the infant's father to place the infant on the examination table
C. Talk softly to the infant while taking him from his father
D. Undress the infant while he is still sitting on his father’s lap

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Engaging the infant in a familiar game like peek-a-boo can help reduce fear and build rapport before starting the assessment.

5. What urine test result is considered abnormal?

A. pH 4.0
B. WBC 1 or 2 cells/ml
C. Protein level absent
D. Specific gravity 1.020

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A urine pH of 4.0 is abnormally low, indicating possible acidosis or other metabolic conditions. WBC count of 1-2 cells/ml, absence of protein, and a specific gravity of 1.020 are within normal limits.