Nursing Elites

1. In terms of gross motor development, what should the nurse expect an infant age 5 months to do?

• A. Sit erect without support
• B. Roll from the back to the abdomen
• C. Turn from the abdomen to the back
• D. Move from a prone to a sitting position

Correct answer: C

Rationale: At 5 months, infants typically can turn from their abdomen to their back. Rolling from back to abdomen and sitting erect without support occur later.

2. The nurse is planning an educational session with a group of school-age children. Which primary task from Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development should be addressed?

• A. Establishing trust in others
• B. Developing a sense of autonomy
• C. Developing a sense of industry
• D. Establishing a sense of identity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, school-age children typically focus on developing a sense of industry. This stage, occurring during middle childhood, involves the desire to feel competent and productive in their skills and abilities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because establishing trust in others (A) is related to the first stage of Erikson's theory (trust vs. mistrust) which occurs in infancy, developing a sense of autonomy (B) is linked to the second stage (autonomy vs. shame and doubt) which occurs in early childhood, and establishing a sense of identity (D) is associated with the fifth stage (identity vs. role confusion) which occurs in adolescence.

3. Following treatment for iron deficiency anemia, the physician orders lab tests. Which lab value would indicate an improvement in the child’s condition?

• A. Low hemoglobin
• B. Normal platelet count
• C. High reticulocyte count
• D. Low hematocrit

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A high reticulocyte count indicates that the bone marrow is producing more red blood cells, which is a sign of recovery from anemia as the body replenishes its iron stores and increases hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin (Choice A) would indicate ongoing anemia rather than improvement. A normal platelet count (Choice B) and low hematocrit (Choice D) are not specific indicators of improvement in iron deficiency anemia.

4. Which is a consequence of the physical punishment of children, such as spanking?

• A. The psychological impact is usually minimal.
• B. The child's development of reasoning increases.
• C. Children rarely become accustomed to spanking.
• D. Misbehavior is likely to occur when parents are not present.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Physical punishment, such as spanking, may result in children misbehaving when parents are not present, as it does not teach appropriate behavior or self-regulation.

5. What should the nurse include in the discharge instructions for the parents of an infant diagnosed with acute otitis media?

• A. Keep the baby in an elevated position during sleep
• B. Administer an antibiotic
• C. Place the baby to sleep with a bottle
• D. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve discomfort

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is recommended to help relieve the discomfort associated with acute otitis media, such as pain and fever. Elevating the baby's head during sleep can also help with drainage and relieve pressure, making choice A incorrect. Administering an antibiotic may be necessary for bacterial otitis media but is not usually the first-line treatment for acute otitis media, so choice B is incorrect. Placing the baby to sleep with a bottle can increase the risk of ear infections due to the pooling of milk around the Eustachian tube, so choice C is incorrect.

Similar Questions