ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. The nurse is preparing a 9-year-old boy before obtaining a blood specimen by venipuncture. The child tells the nurse he does not want to lose his blood. What approach is best by the nurse?
- A. Explain that it will not be painful.
- B. Suggest to him that he not worry about losing just a little bit of blood.
- C. Discuss with him how his body is always in the process of making blood.
- D. Tell the child that he will not even need a Band-Aid afterward because it is a simple procedure.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Discussing how the body continuously makes blood helps the child understand that losing a small amount is normal and not harmful. This educational approach also helps reduce anxiety by giving the child a sense of control over the situation.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Decreased level of consciousness
- B. Inability to identify common objects
- C. Preoccupation with somatic disturbances
- D. Poor problem-solving ability
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inability to identify common objects. Clients with schizophrenia often experience cognitive deficits, such as difficulty in identifying common objects. This can be attributed to impairments in perception and cognition. Choices A, C, and D are not typically associated with schizophrenia. Decreased level of consciousness is more indicative of conditions like head injuries or metabolic disturbances. Preoccupation with somatic disturbances is commonly seen in somatic symptom disorders, not schizophrenia. Poor problem-solving ability is a characteristic of conditions affecting executive functioning like dementia, rather than schizophrenia.
3. After ileostomy, which of the following condition is NOT expected?
- A. Increased weight
- B. Irritation of skin around the stoma
- C. Liquid stool
- D. Establishment of regular bowel movement
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
4. What symptoms would the nurse expect to see in a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. Dyspnea on exertion
- B. Normal lung sounds
- C. Normal arterial blood gases
- D. Onset of the disease during young adulthood
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyspnea on exertion. COPD typically manifests with symptoms like dyspnea on exertion due to impaired lung function. This symptom is a result of the airways being obstructed and the lungs not being able to expel air effectively. Choices B and C are incorrect because in COPD, abnormal lung sounds such as wheezing, crackles, or diminished breath sounds are often heard upon auscultation, and arterial blood gases are usually abnormal, showing low oxygen levels and high carbon dioxide levels. Choice D is incorrect as COPD is more commonly diagnosed in individuals over 40 who have a history of smoking or exposure to lung irritants.
5. A parent of a preschooler is being taught by a nurse about administering ear drops. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will straighten my child's ear canal by pulling it upward and backward.
- B. I will administer the ear drops immediately after removing them from the refrigerator.
- C. I will pull the ear lobe down and back before administering the ear drops.
- D. I will massage my child's ear after administering the ear drops.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Correct administration of ear drops includes massaging the child's ear after administering the drops to facilitate proper absorption of the medication. This action helps ensure the effectiveness of the treatment. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A describes incorrect positioning of the ear canal, choice B mentions incorrect storage of the ear drops, and choice C describes an incorrect technique for administering ear drops.
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