ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B
1. Which factor is most likely to cause a "brittle" diabetic state in a child with type 1 diabetes?
- A. Noncompliance with diet
- B. Insulin resistance
- C. Frequent infections
- D. Hypothyroidism
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Frequent infections can destabilize blood sugar levels, leading to a "brittle" diabetic state in children with type 1 diabetes. Infections increase metabolic demands and can result in significant blood glucose fluctuations, requiring careful monitoring and adjustment of insulin therapy. Noncompliance with diet may affect blood sugar control but is not the primary cause of a "brittle" state. Insulin resistance is more common in type 2 diabetes rather than type 1. Hypothyroidism can impact metabolism but is not directly linked to the development of a "brittle" diabetic state in type 1 diabetes.
2. The working phase in a therapy group is usually characterized by which of the following?
- A. Caution
- B. Cohesiveness
- C. Confusion
- D. Competition
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
3. A male patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is prescribed finasteride (Proscar). What therapeutic effect is expected from this medication?
- A. Reduction in prostate size and improvement in urinary symptoms
- B. Increase in urine flow and relief of urinary obstruction
- C. Improvement in erectile function
- D. Relief of pain associated with BPH
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reduction in prostate size and improvement in urinary symptoms. Finasteride works by reducing the size of the prostate gland, which in turn helps alleviate urinary symptoms such as frequency, urgency, weak stream, and incomplete emptying of the bladder. Choice B is incorrect as while finasteride can improve urine flow indirectly by reducing prostate size, it does not directly increase urine flow. Choice C is incorrect because finasteride is not intended to improve erectile function. Choice D is incorrect as finasteride does not primarily provide relief from pain associated with BPH.
4. A nurse receives a report from an assistive personnel that a client's BP is 160/95. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Administer antihypertensive medication
- B. Notify the healthcare provider
- C. Recheck the blood pressure
- D. Document the blood pressure in the chart
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse in this scenario is to recheck the blood pressure. This step is crucial to confirm the accuracy of the initial reading. Administering antihypertensive medication without verifying the blood pressure could lead to inappropriate treatment. Notifying the healthcare provider can be done after ensuring the accuracy of the reading. Simply documenting the blood pressure without validation may result in acting on potentially incorrect information. Therefore, the priority is to recheck the blood pressure.
5. A nurse is reviewing the health history of a client who has a prescription for Propranolol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Previous history of thromboembolism
- B. Concurrent use of an antacid
- C. History of bronchial asthma
- D. Recent weight gain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Propranolol is a nonselective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction, making it contraindicated for clients with a history of bronchial asthma.
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