the nurse is planning education about appropriate protein food choices for a client who has recently been prescribed a renal diet which protein food i

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019

1. The nurse is planning education about appropriate protein food choices for a client who has recently been prescribed a renal diet. Which protein food items should the nurse include in the education?

A. Yogurt, seeds, and lentils
B. Beef, bacon, and nuts
C. Peanut butter, beans, and peas
D. Poultry, eggs, and fish

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Poultry, eggs, and fish. These protein sources are high-quality proteins suitable for a renal diet as they provide essential amino acids without excessive amounts of potassium or phosphorus. Choice A, yogurt, seeds, and lentils, may be high in potassium and phosphorus, which could be restricted in a renal diet. Choice B, beef, bacon, and nuts, are also high in phosphorus and may not be ideal for a renal diet. Choice C, peanut butter, beans, and peas, are high in potassium and phosphorus, making them less suitable for a renal diet.

2. Which mental health disorder can lead to the erosion of lingual enamel, enlarged parotid glands, palatal bruising, and dentinal hypersensitivity?

A. Bulimia
B. Anorexia nervosa
C. Depression
D. Schizophrenia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bulimia. Bulimia involves repeated episodes of binge eating followed by purging, which can lead to the erosion of lingual enamel, enlarged parotid glands, palatal bruising, and dentinal hypersensitivity. This behavior exposes the teeth to stomach acid during purging, causing damage to the enamel. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because these conditions are not typically associated with the specific oral health issues mentioned in the question.

3. How many diet-related major risk factors for coronary heart disease does Mrs. Winslow have?

A. 1
B. 4
C. 2
D. 3

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mrs. Winslow has four major diet-related risk factors for coronary heart disease: high total cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol. Choice A is incorrect because there are more than one risk factor present. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not account for the total number of diet-related major risk factors identified.

4. The most energy-rich nutrient is:

A. carb
B. fat
C. protein
D. water

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal per gram, making it the most energy-rich nutrient compared to carbohydrates and proteins, which provide 4 kcal per gram.

5. When is Prevident indicated?

A. High caries risk
B. Crown and bridge work
C. Orthodontic decalcification
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Prevident is indicated for all the situations listed in the choices. It is recommended for patients with a high risk of caries to reduce the risk of tooth decay. It is also used in dental procedures like crown and bridge work to strengthen enamel and prevent cavities. Furthermore, it is utilized for orthodontic decalcification to aid in remineralizing the tooth structure and prevent further damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above.' While choices A, B, and C are individually correct, selecting 'All of the above' is the most appropriate as it encompasses all the possible indications for Prevident.