Nursing Elites

1. Select all that apply. A person who is deficient in vitamin A could consume which of the following to increase vitamin A levels?

• A. cantaloupe
• B. eggs
• C. carrots
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin A can be found in high amounts in foods like cantaloupe, eggs, carrots, and milk, all of which help to maintain healthy vision, skin, and immune function.

2. Which type of nutritional deficiency results from inadequate absorption?

• A. Unmeasurable
• B. Primary deficiency
• C. Secondary deficiency
• D. Codependent

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary deficiency. A nutritional deficiency resulting from decreased intake is called a primary deficiency. On the other hand, a secondary deficiency refers to a vitamin deficiency caused by inadequate absorption or use, increased requirements, excretion, or destruction. Choice A, 'Unmeasurable,' is incorrect as it does not describe a type of nutritional deficiency. Choice B, 'Primary deficiency,' is incorrect as it refers to a deficiency caused by decreased intake, not inadequate absorption. Choice D, 'Codependent,' is incorrect as it is unrelated to the context of nutritional deficiencies.

3. A group of clients is being instructed by a nurse regarding nutrition. The teaching should state that which of the following groups of foods contains the highest level of carbohydrates?

• A. Milk, eggs, and cheese
• B. Butter, oils, and avocados
• C. Rice, potatoes, and oranges
• D. Chicken, green beans, and apples

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rice, potatoes, and oranges. These foods are rich in carbohydrates. Choice A (Milk, eggs, and cheese) contains minimal carbohydrates as they are primarily sources of protein and fat. Choice B (Butter, oils, and avocados) contains very little to no carbohydrates as they are high in fats. Choice D (Chicken, green beans, and apples) also contains minimal carbohydrates, with protein and fiber being more prominent in these foods.

4. James wants to know the recommended intake for iron for his gender and age. Which of the following would provide the best answer for James?

• A. EAR
• B. UL
• C. RDA
• D. DV

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the correct answer for James because it provides the daily intake level that meets the nutrient needs of most healthy individuals in a specific age and gender group. Choice A, EAR (Estimated Average Requirement), represents the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. Choice B, UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Level), is the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects. Choice D, DV (Daily Value), is a general guide used for food labeling that represents how much a nutrient in a serving of food contributes to a daily diet based on a 2000-calorie daily intake.

5. What is the first step in decontamination?

• A. Immediately applying a chemical decontamination foam to the area of contamination
• B. Thoroughly washing and rinsing the patient with soap and water
• C. Immediately applying personal protective equipment
• D. Removing the patient's clothing and jewelry, then rinsing the patient with water

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct first step in decontamination is to remove the patient's clothing and jewelry to prevent further exposure and then rinse the patient with water. This helps to eliminate any contaminants on the patient's body. Choice A is incorrect because applying a chemical decontamination foam should come after removing clothing. Choice B is incorrect as washing and rinsing the patient should follow the removal of clothing. Choice C is incorrect as personal protective equipment should be worn by the individual performing the decontamination, not applied to the patient.

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