Nursing Elites

1. How many grams of protein per day are recommended for a person weighing 150 lbs?

• A. 120
• B. 85
• C. 187.5
• D. 54

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. To convert pounds to kilograms, divide the weight in pounds by 2.2. Therefore, a 150 lb person weighs approximately 68 kg (150 / 2.2 = 68). Multiplying 68 kg by 0.8 grams gives us 54 grams of protein per day. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the RDA calculation based on body weight.

2. The type of medicine that proposes that a person's inherent "life force" can foster self-healing is known as _____ medicine.

• A. homeopathic
• B. integrative
• C. naturopathic
• D. Ayurvedic

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Naturopathic medicine is based on the belief that a person's inherent "life force" can promote self-healing, often using natural therapies and lifestyle changes.

3. A client states they are taking greater than the recommended daily allowance of vitamin E to prevent cataracts. Which complication should the nurse educate the client as related to taking excessive amounts of vitamin E?

• A. Lung cancer
• B. Stroke
• C. Diarrhea
• D. Liver damage

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stroke. High doses of vitamin E supplements have been associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke due to its blood-thinning properties. Option A, lung cancer, is not a known complication of excessive vitamin E intake. Option C, diarrhea, is more commonly associated with excessive intake of other vitamins or minerals. Option D, liver damage, is not a commonly reported complication of vitamin E overdose.

4. Which metabolic disease is characterized by poor healing, severe forms of periodontal disease, necrosis, xerostomia, and candidiasis?

• A. Hypopituitarism
• B. Diabetes mellitus
• C. Hyperthyroidism
• D. Renal disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is the correct answer. It is associated with poor wound healing, severe periodontal disease, tissue necrosis, dry mouth (xerostomia), and an increased susceptibility to oral infections like candidiasis. Hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, and renal disease are not typically linked to the specific oral manifestations described in the question.

5. Which term is used to describe medical practices that have been thoroughly evaluated using scientific methods?

• A. Meta-analysis
• B. Systematic reviews
• C. Evidence-based
• D. Observational studies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Evidence-based.' Evidence-based practices refer to medical practices that have been thoroughly evaluated and supported by scientific research. Meta-analysis (A) involves statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple studies. Systematic reviews (B) are comprehensive reviews that synthesize evidence from multiple studies. Observational studies (D) are research methods where researchers observe subjects in their natural environment.

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