ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children
1. The nurse is discussing growth and development with a group of parents. What should the nurse say about developmental milestones?
- A. Increase in body size.
- B. Age-specific tasks that most children can do at a certain time.
- C. The direction of growth.
- D. Refers to the age group of children.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Age-specific tasks that most children can do at a certain time." Developmental milestones are specific tasks or abilities that most children can achieve at a certain age range. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because developmental milestones are not just about increase in body size, the direction of growth, or the age group of children. They are more focused on the expected tasks and skills children can accomplish at particular ages.
2. Each of the following is a function of the liver except one. Which one is the exception?
- A. Regulatory control of nutrients in the bloodstream
- B. Conversion of monosaccharides to triglycerides
- C. Breakdown of polysaccharide glycogen into glucose
- D. Oxidation of digestive end products to provide energy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides; instead, it converts monosaccharides to glucose or glycogen. Choice A is correct because the liver plays a role in regulating the levels of various nutrients in the bloodstream. Choice C is correct as the liver breaks down stored glycogen into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. Choice D is correct as the liver oxidizes digestive end products to provide energy. Therefore, only choice B is incorrect as the liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides.
3. A nurse is assessing a client who is immediately postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. Which of the following should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Calcium gluconate
- B. Sodium bicarbonate
- C. Potassium chloride
- D. Sodium phosphate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Calcium gluconate is the correct answer because it is administered to treat hypocalcemia, a common complication post-thyroidectomy. After a thyroidectomy, there is a risk of damaging the parathyroid glands, which can lead to a decrease in calcium levels. Administering calcium gluconate helps to raise calcium levels. Sodium bicarbonate (Choice B) is not typically indicated for immediate postoperative care following a subtotal thyroidectomy. Potassium chloride (Choice C) is not directly related to the common complications of this specific surgery. Sodium phosphate (Choice D) is not typically used to address immediate postoperative issues post-thyroidectomy.
4. What is the learning process aimed at improving health status through changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices?
- A. Motivating
- B. Counseling
- C. Disease prevention
- D. Health education
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Health education is a structured process that focuses on enhancing health outcomes by modifying individuals' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. It aims to empower individuals, families, or communities to make informed decisions and adopt healthy practices, thereby improving overall health status.
5. Which of the following characteristics best describes differences between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa?
- A. Individuals with anorexia nervosa do not have as severe health risks as individuals with bulimia nervosa have.
- B. Individuals with bulimia nervosa may have a normal body weight.
- C. Individuals with anorexia nervosa have been known to binge like those with bulimia nervosa on occasion.
- D. Only those with bulimia nervosa display compensatory behaviors.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Individuals with bulimia nervosa may maintain a normal body weight, while anorexia nervosa is often associated with severe underweight. Choice A is incorrect because individuals with anorexia nervosa actually face severe health risks due to malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances, and other complications. Choice C is incorrect as anorexia nervosa is characterized by restriction of food intake rather than binge eating. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with anorexia nervosa can also display compensatory behaviors such as excessive exercise or fasting.