ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend as the best form of infant nutrition?
- A. Exclusive breastfeeding until 1 year of age
- B. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age
- C. Commercially prepared infant formula until 1 year of age
- D. Commercially prepared infant formula until 4 to 6 months of age
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The American Academy of Pediatrics advocates for exclusive breastfeeding until 1 year of age as the best form of infant nutrition. Breastfeeding for the first year of life provides optimal nutrition and benefits for the infant. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age is not in line with the AAP's recommendation for a full year. While commercially prepared infant formula is an alternative if breastfeeding is not possible, it is not the preferred choice according to AAP guidelines. The recommendation for commercial infant formula until 1 year of age is not in line with the AAP's stance on the benefits of extended breastfeeding.
2. A client experiences an air emboli, resulting in a stroke, during an IV start. This can be classified as which type of risk?
- A. Patient dissatisfaction
- B. Medical-legal incident
- C. Medication error
- D. Diagnostic procedure
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Diagnostic procedure.' When a client experiences an air emboli leading to a stroke during an IV start, it falls under the category of a diagnostic procedure risk. This incident occurred during a procedure intended for diagnosis or evaluation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Patient dissatisfaction refers to a client's discontent with care, service, or outcomes; a medical-legal incident involves legal issues related to healthcare practices; and a medication error pertains to mistakes in medication administration.
3. Which is an important consideration when conducting a community health assessment?
- A. Using standardized assessment tools
- B. Collecting both qualitative and quantitative data
- C. Engaging community stakeholders
- D. Analyzing health trends
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Engaging community stakeholders is crucial when conducting a community health assessment as it helps ensure that the assessment captures the diverse perspectives and needs of the community. Involving stakeholders promotes community buy-in, enhances the validity of the data collected, and increases the likelihood of implementing effective interventions based on the assessment findings.
4. Which of the following descriptions of chemotherapy is correct?
- A. Chemotherapy is externally given through high energy waves
- B. Chemotherapy is known to have fatigue as a common side effect
- C. Chemotherapy spreads throughout the body
- D. Chemotherapy attacks cancer cells only
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Chemotherapy drugs are typically administered systemically, meaning they circulate throughout the body via the bloodstream. This allows them to target cancer cells that may have spread beyond the original tumor site, making chemotherapy an effective treatment for cancers that are metastatic (have spread to other parts of the body). However, because chemotherapy is not selective, it can also affect healthy cells that divide rapidly, leading to a range of side effects.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and is monitoring the client for signs of portal hypertension. Which initial sign, if noted in the client, indicates the presence of portal hypertension?
- A. Flat neck veins
- B. Hypotension
- C. Weak pulse
- D. Crackles on auscultation of the lungs
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Clinical signs and symptoms or portal hypertension are identical to those of heart failure and include jugular vein distention, lung crackles, and decreased perfusion to all organs. Initially, the client may have hypertension, flushed skin, and a bounding pulse.