Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is caring for a non-English-speaking child and family. Which should the nurse consider when using an interpreter?

• A. Pose several questions at a time
• B. Use medical jargon when possible
• C. Communicate directly with family members when asking questions
• D. Carry on some communication in English with the interpreter about the family's needs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should communicate directly with the family members when asking questions, ensuring the interpreter translates accurately without adding or omitting information.

2. Which best describes signs and symptoms as part of a nursing diagnosis?

• A. Description of potential risk factors
• B. Identification of actual health problems
• C. Human response to state of illness or health
• D. Cues and clusters derived from patient assessment

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Signs and symptoms are cues and clusters derived from patient assessments that are used to form a nursing diagnosis, guiding the development of a care plan.

3. By what age does birth weight usually triple?

• A. 1 year
• B. 1 month
• C. 2 years
• D. 6 months

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 year. By the age of 1 year, a baby’s birth weight typically triples. This period allows for significant growth and development in infants. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because birth weight does not usually triple by 1 month, 2 years, or 6 months of age, respectively.

4. What information should the nurse include when teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease (CD)?

• A. How to cope with stress and adjust to chronic illness
• B. Preparation for surgical treatment and cure of CD
• C. Nutritional guidance and prevention of constipation
• D. Prevention of spread of illness to others and principles of high-fiber diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Teaching about coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness is crucial for adolescents with Crohn disease. CD is a chronic condition with no cure, so focusing on managing the disease, stress, and diet is essential for improving the adolescent's quality of life. Choice B is incorrect because Crohn disease cannot be cured surgically. Choice C is relevant but not as essential as coping with stress and chronic illness. Choice D is not a priority in teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease as it mainly focuses on preventing the spread of illness to others, which is not a significant concern with CD, and high-fiber diets may not always be suitable for individuals with this condition.

5. Which reflex is expected to disappear by 4 months of age?

• A. Rooting reflex
• B. Moro reflex
• C. Babinski reflex
• D. Palmar grasp

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex, typically disappears by 4 months as the infant's nervous system matures. This reflex is important for assessing the development of the nervous system in newborns. The Rooting reflex (Choice A) is related to turning the head in response to cheek stimulation; the Babinski reflex (Choice C) involves the fanning of toes in response to foot stimulation; and the Palmar grasp (Choice D) is the curling of the fingers around an object placed in the infant's hand. These reflexes have different timelines for disappearance and are not typically expected to be gone by 4 months of age.

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