the parents of a child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis apign ask how they will know that the condition is improving how should the nurse
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A

1. The parents of a child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN) ask how they will know that the condition is improving. How should the nurse respond?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Improvement in APIGN is indicated by an increase in urine output and a change in urine color from brown (due to hematuria) to a more normal appearance. This reflects a reduction in glomerular inflammation and improved kidney function. Choice B is incorrect because resting more comfortably is not a direct indicator of kidney function improvement. Choice C is incorrect because a decrease in appetite is not typically associated with improvement in APIGN. Choice D is incorrect because an increased BUN value would suggest worsening kidney function rather than improvement.

2. When checking the intravenous (IV) site on a child, the nurse should take which action?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Looking at and palpating the IV site helps assess for signs of infiltration or infection, such as swelling, redness, or pain. Simply looking or asking the child may miss subtle signs, and removing all the tape unnecessarily disrupts the site.

3. A school-age child with cancer is being prepared for a procedure. The child says, “I have had one of these before. They hurt.” The nurse bases her response on what knowledge related to pain in this patient?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Pain is frequently reported by children with cancer, with around 84% experiencing it. Most children report moderate to severe pain, with about half finding it highly distressing. There is no evidence to suggest that children often misrepresent their pain experiences. Pain tolerance is not solely based on age but is a complex phenomenon. Children do not become accustomed to painful procedures, as each experience of pain is unique.

4. During the 2-month well-child checkup, the nurse expects the infant to respond to sound in which manner?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: At 2 months, infants typically react to loud noises with the Moro reflex, a startle response that is normal at this stage of development.

5. Which immunization should the nurse include in a teaching session for parents of toddler-age clients to decrease the risk for epiglottitis?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine. Hib vaccine is crucial in preventing epiglottitis, a serious respiratory condition caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria. This vaccine is recommended for toddlers to protect them from developing epiglottitis. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while they are important vaccines for children, they do not specifically target the prevention of epiglottitis, unlike the Hib vaccine.

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