ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. A 12-year-old girl has recently begun menstruating and is well into puberty. The child is visiting the health care provider today for a routine physical examination. Which finding should cause concern in the nurse?
- A. Breasts of slightly different sizes
- B. Irregular periods
- C. Vulvar irritation
- D. Supernumerary nipple
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vulvar irritation may indicate an infection or other issues and should be further evaluated. In a pubescent girl, breasts of slightly different sizes and irregular periods are common variations of normal development. Supernumerary nipple, an extra nipple, is a benign condition that is not typically concerning during puberty.
2. At a well-child check-up, the nurse notes that an infant with a previous diagnosis of failure to thrive (FTT) is now steadily gaining weight. The nurse should recommend that fruit juice intake be limited to no more than how much?
- A. 4 oz/day
- B. 6 oz/day
- C. 8 oz/day
- D. 12 oz/day
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting fruit juice intake to no more than 4 oz per day for infants, as excessive juice can contribute to poor nutrition and dental issues.
3. Which teaching point should the nurse include when providing education to an adolescent client who participates in soccer regarding the plan of care for diabetes mellitus?
- A. Decreased food intake
- B. Increased doses of insulin
- C. Increased food intake
- D. Decreased doses of insulin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct teaching point the nurse should include is to advise the adolescent client who participates in soccer to increase food intake. Physical activity increases glucose utilization, so adolescents with diabetes need to consume additional carbohydrates to prevent hypoglycemia during and after exercise. Choice A (Decreased food intake) is incorrect because the adolescent needs extra carbohydrates to support the increased physical activity. Choice B (Increased doses of insulin) is incorrect as the focus should be on adjusting food intake rather than insulin doses. Choice D (Decreased doses of insulin) is also incorrect as the insulin doses should be adjusted based on the increased food intake and physical activity level.
4. The nurse is caring for a non-English-speaking child and family. Which should the nurse consider when using an interpreter?
- A. Pose several questions at a time
- B. Use medical jargon when possible
- C. Communicate directly with family members when asking questions
- D. Carry on some communication in English with the interpreter about the family's needs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should communicate directly with the family members when asking questions, ensuring the interpreter translates accurately without adding or omitting information.
5. The clinic nurse is teaching parents about physiologic anemia that occurs in infants. What statement should the nurse include about the cause of physiologic anemia?
- A. Maternally derived iron stores are depleted in the first 2 months.
- B. Fetal hemoglobin results in a shortened survival of red blood cells.
- C. The production of adult hemoglobin decreases in the first year of life.
- D. Low levels of fetal hemoglobin depress the production of erythropoietin.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Physiologic anemia is caused by the transition from fetal to adult hemoglobin, with fetal hemoglobin having a shorter lifespan, leading to a temporary decrease in red blood cells.