Nursing Elites

1. The most significant factor that might affect the nurse’s care for the psychiatric patient is:

• A. Nurse’s own beliefs and attitude about the mentally ill
• B. Amount of experience he has with psychiatric clients
• C. Her abilities and skill to care for the psychiatric clients
• D. Her knowledge in dealing with the psychiatric clients

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

2. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?

• A. Enhanced sense of taste
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Frequent urination
• D. Lens thinning

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

3. What primarily determines the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein?

• A. Intake of fatty acids
• B. Gender
• C. Height
• D. Body weight

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein is primarily determined by an individual's body weight. This is because the body's protein requirement is proportionate to its size, which is generally reflected in the body weight. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: While factors such as fatty acid intake, gender, and height can influence an individual's overall nutritional needs, they do not directly determine the DRI for protein.

4. The nurse is caring for a client taking warfarin. Which meal brought in by the client's family is a priority to remove before the client eats it?

• A. Oriental cabbage salad with chicken
• B. Beef enchilada, rice, and beans
• C. Ham and cheese sandwich
• D. Macaroni salad and grapefruit slices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Ham is high in vitamin K, which can interfere with warfarin. Vitamin K can decrease the effectiveness of warfarin, an anticoagulant medication. Choices A, B, and D do not contain high levels of vitamin K and are less likely to interfere with the client's warfarin therapy.

5. A child with ear problem should be assessed for the following, EXCEPT:

• A. is there any fever?
• B. Ear discharge
• C. If discharge is present for how long?
• D. Ear pain

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

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