Nursing Elites

1. A diet high in which nutrient can lead to increased risk of developing kidney stones?

• A. Fiber
• B. Protein
• C. Carbohydrates
• D. Unsaturated fats

Correct answer: B

Rationale: High protein intake can increase the risk of kidney stones due to elevated calcium excretion.

2. Which list contains fatty acids that reduce cardiovascular disease risk?

• A. omega 3, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids
• B. EPA and DHA
• C. omega 6, omega 3, partially hydrogenated oil
• D. omega 3, EPA, saturated fatty acids

Correct answer: B

Rationale: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), both omega-3 fatty acids, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

3. A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to prevent constipation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. Drinking four to five glasses of water per day will prevent constipation.
• B. I should consume mineral oil once per day.
• C. Eating foods high in fiber will make elimination easier.
• D. I can skip a meal if I feel bloated.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating foods high in fiber increases stool bulk and promotes easier elimination, thus preventing constipation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Drinking water is important, but the emphasis should be on high-fiber foods. Mineral oil is not a recommended first-line treatment for constipation, and skipping meals can disrupt regular bowel movements, potentially leading to constipation.

4. Which nutrient is most important for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects?

• A. Iron
• B. Folate
• C. Calcium
• D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Folate (or folic acid) is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects during pregnancy.

5. What is the term for the act of performing beneficial services rather than harmful ones?

• A. Beneficence
• B. Disclosure
• C. Maleficence
• D. Justice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The term for the act of performing beneficial services rather than harmful ones is 'Beneficence'. Beneficence refers to actions that enhance the well-being of others. In the healthcare context, beneficence ensures that health services are advantageous and beneficial to patients. 'Disclosure' (choice B) is the act of revealing information, not directly related to whether actions are beneficial or harmful. 'Maleficence' (choice C) is the opposite of beneficence, involving actions that can cause damage or harm. 'Justice' (choice D) denotes fairness and equality, important in various contexts but not specifically related to performing beneficial services.

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