ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam 2023
1. The mentally ill person responds positively to the nurse who is warm and caring. This is a demonstration of the nurse’s role as:
- A. counselor
- B. mother surrogate
- C. therapist
- D. socializing agent
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
2. A client is being educated by a nurse on snacks suitable for a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. A slice of cheese
- B. A jam sandwich
- C. A cup of plain popcorn
- D. A small container of applesauce
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A slice of cheese. Cheese is high in fat, sodium, and cholesterol, making it unsuitable for a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. Choices B, C, and D are more appropriate for such a diet. B: A jam sandwich can be low in fat, sodium, and cholesterol if made with whole grain bread and a low-sugar jam. C: A cup of plain popcorn is a good choice as it is low in fat and can be made without added salt. D: A small container of applesauce is also a suitable option for a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet.
3. A patient has begun taking furosemide to manage heart failure. What food should the nurse recommend that the patient consume frequently while taking this drug?
- A. legumes
- B. cabbage
- C. peanut butter
- D. bananas
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that can lead to potassium loss; therefore, it is recommended that patients consume potassium-rich foods like bananas to prevent hypokalemia.
4. What physiologic role does calcium play in the body?
- A. Blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction and relaxation
- B. Calcium homeostasis, structural integrity of heart muscle
- C. No known metabolic function, caries-preventing properties
- D. ATP energy release; metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, proteins; regulates acid-base balance.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction and relaxation.' Calcium plays a crucial role in various physiological functions such as blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction and relaxation, membrane permeability, and activation of certain enzymes. Choice B is incorrect because while calcium is involved in calcium homeostasis, it is not the only role it plays in the body. Choice C is incorrect as calcium indeed has several known metabolic functions, and it is not solely for preventing caries. Choice D is also incorrect as the functions mentioned are primarily carried out by other nutrients and not specifically by calcium.
5. To prevent baby bottle tooth decay, what should the nurse instruct?
- A. Water
- B. Milk
- C. Iron-fortified formula
- D. Unsweetened fruit juice
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Water. Water is the best choice to prevent baby bottle tooth decay as it does not cause tooth decay and is a good option for bedtime bottles. Milk (choice B) and iron-fortified formula (choice C) contain sugars that can contribute to tooth decay. Unsweetened fruit juice (choice D) also contains natural sugars that can be harmful to the baby's teeth.
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