Nursing Elites

1. The mentally ill person responds positively to the nurse who is warm and caring. This is a demonstration of the nurse’s role as:

• A. counselor
• B. mother surrogate
• C. therapist
• D. socializing agent

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. What is the function of villi and microvilli in the GI tract?

• A. produce bile
• B. kill bacteria
• C. produce vitamin K
• D. increase the surface area for absorption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Villi and microvilli in the GI tract serve to increase the surface area of the small intestine, aiding in the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as villi and microvilli are primarily involved in enhancing absorption, not in producing bile, killing bacteria, or producing vitamin K.

3. In the hospital, when you need the medical record of a discharged patient for research you will request permission through:

• A. Doctor in charge
• B. The hospital director
• C. The nursing service
• D. Medical records section

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. Which of the following statements is correct about MyPlate?

• A. Canned fruit can be considered part of the fruit group
• B. Soymilk is considered part of the dairy group
• C. Beans and peas are considered part of both the protein group and the vegetable group
• D. Cream cheese and butter are not part of the dairy group

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to the MyPlate guide, beans and peas are classified as part of both the protein and vegetable groups due to their high protein content and the nutrients they share with vegetables. This makes Choice C correct. Choice A is incorrect as canned fruit can be part of the fruit group if it's canned in water or 100% fruit juice. Soymilk is considered part of the dairy group, making Choice B incorrect. While cream cheese and butter are dairy products, they are not part of the dairy group on MyPlate because they contain little to no calcium, making Choice D incorrect.

5. Causes of acute renal failure include:

• A. chronic renal failure
• B. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
• C. recurrent urinary tract infections
• D. severe injury such as extensive burns

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Severe injuries, like extensive burns, can cause acute renal failure due to shock, reduced blood flow to the kidneys, and tissue damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chronic renal failure, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and recurrent urinary tract infections are more likely to contribute to chronic kidney disease rather than acute renal failure.

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