ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with major depression is:
- A. Altered nutrition
- B. Altered thought process
- C. Self care deficit
- D. Risk for injury
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
2. A patient who is in renal failure partially loses the ability to regulate changes in pH because the kidneys:
- A. Regulate and reabsorb carbonic acid to change and maintain pH
- B. Buffer acids through electrolyte changes
- C. Regenerate and reabsorb bicarbonate to maintain a stable pH
- D. Combine carbonic acid and bicarbonate to maintain a stable pH
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. In renal failure, the kidneys lose the ability to regulate pH by controlling bicarbonate levels in the extracellular fluid (ECF). The kidneys can regenerate and reabsorb bicarbonate ions to maintain a stable pH. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the kidneys do not primarily regulate or reabsorb carbonic acid, buffer acids through electrolyte changes, or combine carbonic acid and bicarbonate to maintain pH. The key function of the kidneys in maintaining pH balance lies in the control of bicarbonate levels.
3. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is receiving heparin therapy for deep-vein thrombosis. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. INR 2.0
- B. Platelet count 150,000/mm3
- C. aPTT 60 seconds
- D. WBC count 8,000/mm3
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: aPTT 60 seconds. An aPTT of 60 seconds is above the therapeutic range for clients on heparin therapy and indicates a risk of bleeding, so it should be reported to the provider. INR of 2.0 is within the therapeutic range for clients on heparin therapy, so it does not require immediate reporting. Platelet count of 150,000/mm3 and WBC count of 8,000/mm3 are within normal ranges and not directly related to heparin therapy, so they do not need to be reported in this context.
4. In a historic experiment with 11-month-old Albert, John Watson demonstrated that __________.
- A. children cannot be conditioned to fear a formerly neutral stimulus
- B. infants as young as a few months old will repeat a behavior to obtain a desirable reward
- C. children can be conditioned to fear a formerly neutral stimulus
- D. children have an innate, inborn fear of rats Answer: C Page Ref: 16 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Mid-Twentieth-Century Theories Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In the historic experiment with 11-month-old Albert conducted by John Watson, it was demonstrated that children can be conditioned to fear a formerly neutral stimulus. This is known as classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus to create a conditioned response. In this case, Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat by pairing the rat with a loud noise. This experiment showcased the power of conditioning in shaping behavior and emotional responses in children.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that this client is at risk for which of the following vitamin deficiencies?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin E
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Clients with chronic gastritis are at risk for Vitamin B12 deficiency due to impaired absorption.