ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. What is the medical term for a persistent, abnormal distortion of taste?
- A. Anosmia
- B. Dysgeusia
- C. Xerostomia
- D. Hypogeusia
Correct answer: B: Dysgeusia
Rationale: The correct answer is Dysgeusia, which is a persistent and abnormal distortion of the sense of taste. This condition can be triggered by various factors such as medications or certain diseases. Anosmia, choice A, refers to the loss of the sense of smell, not taste. Xerostomia, choice C, is the medical term for dry mouth, which is not specifically related to a distortion of taste. Hypogeusia, choice D, refers to a reduced ability to taste things, which is not the same as a distortion of the sense of taste.
2. In a cross-sectional design, researchers study __________.
- A. the same group of participants repeatedly at different ages
- B. groups of participants differing in age at the same point in time
- C. groups of participants of the same age in different years
- D. participants of the same age at the same point in time
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a cross-sectional design, researchers study groups of participants differing in age at the same point in time. This design allows researchers to compare different age groups simultaneously, providing valuable insight into age-related differences without the need to track the same group over time. Choice A is incorrect because it describes a longitudinal design where the same group is followed over time. Choice C is incorrect as it involves different groups of the same age studied at different times. Choice D is incorrect as it does not capture the essence of a cross-sectional design, which involves studying groups of different ages at the same point in time.
3. A traditional plant used to lower uric acid is being used by Rosario, a 55-year-old client with rheumatism. This herbal plant is called “ulasimang bato.” What is its common name?
- A. Lagundi
- B. Pancit-pancitan
- C. Bayabas
- D. Sambong
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The traditional plant 'ulasimang bato,' known as pancit-pancitan, is used to lower uric acid levels and treat rheumatism. It is important to recognize the common names of medicinal plants to understand their uses and benefits.
4. What is an advantage of the ventrogluteal muscle as an injection site in young children?
- A. Easily accessible from many directions
- B. Free of significant nerves and vascular structures
- C. Can be used until the child reaches a weight of 9 kg (20 lb)
- D. Increased subcutaneous fat, which provides sustained drug absorption
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is free of significant nerves and vascular structures, making it a safer choice for intramuscular injections in young children compared to other sites that may be more prone to complications.
5. A healthcare professional is assessing a client who is 24 hours postoperative following an open cholecystectomy. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional report to the provider?
- A. Urinary output of 100 mL in 4 hours
- B. Serosanguineous wound drainage
- C. Heart rate of 94/min
- D. WBC count of 15,000/mm³
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A WBC count of 15,000/mm³ is elevated and may indicate infection, which should be reported. High WBC count is a sign of inflammation or infection, and in a postoperative client, it can be indicative of surgical site infection or another complication. Urinary output, serosanguineous wound drainage, and a heart rate of 94/min are all within normal ranges for a client post cholecystectomy and do not raise immediate concerns for infection or complications.