the medical term for persistent abnormal distortion of taste is
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. What is the medical term for a persistent, abnormal distortion of taste?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Dysgeusia, which is a persistent and abnormal distortion of the sense of taste. This condition can be triggered by various factors such as medications or certain diseases. Anosmia, choice A, refers to the loss of the sense of smell, not taste. Xerostomia, choice C, is the medical term for dry mouth, which is not specifically related to a distortion of taste. Hypogeusia, choice D, refers to a reduced ability to taste things, which is not the same as a distortion of the sense of taste.

2. Children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and intellectual disabilities are likely to have abnormal sensory input and muscle tone. A small, underdeveloped tongue is common in many such disorders and results in diminished nutritional status.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first statement is true, but the second is false. These children often have a large tongue or tongue thrust, which can interfere with feeding and nutrition.

3. Can fluid retention cause lab values to be deceptively high, whereas dehydration may cause the values to be deceptively low?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The statement is incorrect. Fluid retention generally results in lab values appearing deceptively low, not high, because the excess fluid dilutes the concentration of substances in the blood. Conversely, dehydration can make lab values appear deceptively high as the reduced fluid volume in the body means substances in the blood are less diluted. Choices 'C: Not always' and 'D: Sometimes' are not specific and do not directly address the statement in the question, hence they are incorrect.

4. The preferred route of administration of medication in the most acute care situations is which of the following routes?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Which of the following nutrients provide energy?(Select ONE that does not apply.)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are the three macronutrients that provide energy (calories) to the body. Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy, fats act as a secondary source when carbohydrate energy is exhausted, and proteins are used for energy when carbohydrate and fat sources are low. Choice D, Water, is essential for the body's functions, but it does not provide energy.

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