ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. What is the major diet-derived antioxidant found in cell membranes?
- A. B12
- B. beta-carotene
- C. vitamin E
- D. vitamin A
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is vitamin E. Vitamin E is the major antioxidant found in cell membranes, where it plays a crucial role in protecting them from oxidative damage. Although B12, beta-carotene, and vitamin A are important nutrients with specific functions in the body, they are not the primary antioxidants found in cell membranes. Vitamin E specifically localizes in cell membranes to neutralize free radicals and prevent lipid peroxidation, making it an essential antioxidant for cellular health.
2. You are an ostomy nurse and you know that colostomy is defined as:
- A. It is an incision into the colon to create an artificial opening to the exterior of the abdomen
- B. It is end to end anastomosis of the gastric stump to the duodenum
- C. It is end to end anastomosis of the gastric stump to the jejunum
- D. It is an incision into the ileum to create an artificial opening to the exterior of the abdomen
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.
3. Ms. Maria Salvacion says that she is the incarnation of the holy Virgin Mary. She said that she is the child of the covenant that would save this world from the evil forces of Satan. One morning, while caring for her, she stood in front of you and said “Bow down before me! I am the holy mother of Christ! I am the blessed Virgin Mary!†The best response by the Nurse is:
- A. Tell me more about being the Virgin Mary
- B. So, You are the Virgin Mary?
- C. Excuse me but, you are not anymore a Virgin so you cannot be the Blessed Virgin Mary.
- D. You are Maria Salvacion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
4. While evaluating the meal choices of a client with major depressive disorder and a prescription of Phenelzine, which of the following selections should the nurse identify as appropriate?
- A. Cheddar cheese
- B. Smoked salmon
- C. Strawberry yogurt
- D. Pepperoni pizza
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Strawberry yogurt.' This choice is appropriate because it does not contain high levels of tyramine, which can lead to a dangerous interaction with Phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Tyramine-rich foods, like aged cheeses (such as cheddar cheese) and cured meats (like smoked salmon and pepperoni), should be avoided by individuals taking Phenelzine to prevent hypertensive crisis. Strawberry yogurt is a safer option for the client in this scenario.
5. What differentiates one amino acid from another?
- A. The amine group
- B. The acid group
- C. The side chain
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: C: The side chain
Rationale: The side chain, also known as the R group, is what differentiates one amino acid from another. It imparts unique properties to each amino acid, thereby influencing their roles and functions in proteins. The amine group (Choice A) and the acid group (Choice B) are components of all amino acids and do not cause the differences among various amino acids. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests that none of the given options account for the differences, which is not true as the side chain does.