Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is completing a nutritional assessment on a client. Which statement made by the client is most concerning to the nurse?

• A. "I notice when I take a vitamin E supplement, I bruise more easily."
• B. "I work nights and rarely go outside during the day."
• C. "I take warfarin, so I need to limit the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat."
• D. "My vitamin supplement has the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A."

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Excessive intake of vitamin E can increase the risk of bleeding as it acts as a blood thinner. Bruising easily may indicate too much vitamin E. Choice B is not as concerning as it describes a lifestyle that may lead to vitamin D deficiency due to lack of sunlight exposure. Choice C shows awareness of the interaction between warfarin and vitamin K, which is expected. Choice D indicates knowledge of the vitamin A content in the supplement, which is not a cause for concern.

2. AIDS enteropathy is most commonly manifested as _____.

• A. abdominal pain and rectal bleeding
• B. diarrhea and weight loss
• C. abdominal bloating and flatulence
• D. rectal fissures and constipation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: AIDS enteropathy typically presents as diarrhea and weight loss due to the impact of HIV on the gastrointestinal tract. While abdominal pain and rectal bleeding (Choice A), abdominal bloating and flatulence (Choice C), and rectal fissures and constipation (Choice D) can occur in some cases, the most common manifestations are diarrhea and weight loss.

3. Each of the following is a function of the liver except one. Which one is the exception?

• A. Regulatory control of nutrients in the bloodstream
• B. Conversion of monosaccharides to triglycerides
• C. Breakdown of polysaccharide glycogen into glucose
• D. Oxidation of digestive end products to provide energy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides; instead, it converts monosaccharides to glucose or glycogen. Choice A is correct because the liver plays a role in regulating the levels of various nutrients in the bloodstream. Choice C is correct as the liver breaks down stored glycogen into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. Choice D is correct as the liver oxidizes digestive end products to provide energy. Therefore, only choice B is incorrect as the liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides.

4. Which set of guidelines is intended to assess nutrient adequacy or plan intake of a population group, not individuals?

• A. RDA
• B. EAR
• C. DRA
• D. UL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the correct choice because it is specifically designed to assess the nutrient adequacy of population groups, not individuals. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (choice A) is the average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97%-98%) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) (choice C) includes the EAR, RDA, Adequate Intake (AI), and UL, making it a broader set of nutrient reference values. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) (choice D) is the highest average daily nutrient intake level that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population.

5. By force of law, therefore, the PRC-Board of Nursing released Resolution No. 14 Series of 1999 entitled: "Adoption of a Nursing Specialty Certification Program and Creation of Nursing Specialty Certification Council." This rule-making power is called:

• A. Quasi-Judicial Power
• B. Regulatory Power
• C. Quasi-Legislative Power
• D. Executive/Promulgating Power

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Regulatory Power. Regulatory power involves the authority to create rules and regulations that govern a specific area. In this case, the PRC-Board of Nursing's release of Resolution No. 14 Series of 1999 for the Nursing Specialty Certification Program falls under regulatory power as it establishes guidelines and standards for nursing specialty certification. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Quasi-judicial power involves making decisions on rights and obligations, quasi-legislative power involves creating regulations with the force of law, and executive/promulgating power involves enforcing and implementing laws and regulations.

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