Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is completing a nutritional assessment on a client. Which statement made by the client is most concerning to the nurse?

• A. "I notice when I take a vitamin E supplement, I bruise more easily."
• B. "I work nights and rarely go outside during the day."
• C. "I take warfarin, so I need to limit the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat."
• D. "My vitamin supplement has the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A."

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Excessive intake of vitamin E can increase the risk of bleeding as it acts as a blood thinner. Bruising easily may indicate too much vitamin E. Choice B is not as concerning as it describes a lifestyle that may lead to vitamin D deficiency due to lack of sunlight exposure. Choice C shows awareness of the interaction between warfarin and vitamin K, which is expected. Choice D indicates knowledge of the vitamin A content in the supplement, which is not a cause for concern.

2. A patient on a low-sodium diet should avoid which of the following foods?

• A. Fresh fruits
• B. Unsalted nuts
• C. Canned soup
• D. Plain rice

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Canned soup is the correct answer. Canned soups are often high in sodium due to added salt and should be avoided on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruits (Choice A) are typically low in sodium and a good choice for a low-sodium diet. Unsalted nuts (Choice B) are also low in sodium and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Plain rice (Choice D) is a low-sodium food and can be part of a low-sodium diet.

3. Which of the following gauges should you prepare for spinal anesthesia if the anesthesiologist requires a pink spinal set and a blue spinal set as backup?

• A. Gauges 16 and 22
• B. Gauges 18 and 16
• C. Gauges 16 and 20
• D. Gauges 25 and 22

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. Among people who are ill, significant weight loss may be masked by?

• A. dehydration
• B. a large tumor
• C. drug therapy
• D. fluid retention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fluid retention can mask weight loss in ill individuals as the retained fluid adds to body weight, making it difficult to detect true fat or muscle loss. Dehydration (Choice A) would actually lead to weight loss rather than masking it. While a large tumor (Choice B) could contribute to weight loss, it would not mask the weight loss itself. Drug therapy (Choice C) may cause side effects, including weight changes, but it is unlikely to mask significant weight loss in the same way that fluid retention does.

5. Which of the following questions illustrates the group role of encourager?

• A. What were you saying?
• B. Who wants to respond next?
• C. Where do you go from here?
• D. Why haven’t we heard from you?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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