ATI RN
Psychological Exam
1. The early approach in psychology that fostered the development of modern-day applied psychology was?
- A. Structuralism
- B. Behaviorism
- C. Functionalism
- D. Pragmatism
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Functionalism is the correct answer. Functionalism was an early approach in psychology that emphasized the practical applications of psychological research, laying the groundwork for modern-day applied psychology. Structuralism, focusing on the structure of the mind, and Behaviorism, emphasizing observable behaviors, were more theoretical in nature and did not directly lead to applied psychology. Pragmatism is a philosophical approach and not a specific early psychological theory.
2. When preparing to administer eye drops to a school-age child, what actions should a nurse take?
- A. 52341
- B. 53241
- C. 35241
- D. 14325
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct sequence for administering eye drops to a school-age child is as follows: 5. Place the child in a sitting position, 2. Ask the child to look upward, 3. Pull the lower eyelid downward, 4. Instill the drops of medication, and 1. Apply pressure to the lacrimal punctum. Placing the child in a sitting position helps with stability and ease of access. Asking the child to look upward helps expose the conjunctival sac. Pulling the lower eyelid downward creates a pouch for instilling the drops. Instilling the drops of medication directly into the pouch ensures proper administration, and applying pressure to the lacrimal punctum prevents systemic absorption and promotes local action of the medication.
3. The nurse is instructing a client on ways to reduce the risk of lymphedema after a mastectomy. Which of the following should be emphasized?
- A. Elevate the affected arm
- B. Avoid lifting heavy objects
- C. Use compression garments as prescribed
- D. Avoid wearing tight clothing
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After a mastectomy, particularly when lymph nodes are removed, patients are at increased risk for developing lymphedema, which is a buildup of lymph fluid that can cause swelling in the affected arm. Wearing tight clothing can constrict lymphatic flow and increase the risk of developing lymphedema by impeding normal lymphatic drainage. Therefore, it is crucial to advise patients to avoid tight-fitting clothing, especially around the chest and arm areas.
4. A client is scheduled to have a tracheostomy placed in an hour. What action by the nurse is the priority?
- A. Administer prescribed anxiolytic medication.
- B. Ensure informed consent is on the chart.
- C. Reinforce any teaching done previously.
- D. Start the preoperative antibiotic infusion.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The priority action for the nurse is to ensure that informed consent is on the chart. Before any surgical procedure, it is essential to have the client's informed consent documented. While administering anxiolytics, starting antibiotic infusion, and reinforcing teaching may also be necessary, obtaining informed consent takes precedence to ensure the client's understanding and agreement to proceed with the tracheostomy.
5. What is the first action to take for a patient experiencing a seizure?
- A. Administer anticonvulsant medication
- B. Protect the patient's head
- C. Insert an oral airway
- D. Restrain the patient
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The first action a nurse should take for a patient experiencing a seizure is to protect the patient's head. This is crucial to prevent head injuries during the seizure. Administering anticonvulsant medication may be necessary but is not the first action. Inserting an oral airway may cause injury as the patient may bite down during a seizure. Restraint is not recommended as it can lead to further harm.
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