Nursing Elites

1. What is the appropriate method for measuring the temperature of a 2-day-old neonate?

• A. Tympanic
• B. Oral
• C. Axillary
• D. Rectal

Correct answer: C

Rationale: For a 2-day-old neonate, the most suitable method to measure temperature is the axillary method. This approach is considered safe and appropriate for neonates, minimizing the risk of injury. Tympanic temperature measurement may not be as accurate in neonates due to their small ear canals. Oral temperature measurement is not recommended for neonates as they may not be able to hold a thermometer properly in their mouths. Rectal temperature measurement is invasive and carries a higher risk of injury and should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.

2. The parents of a 4-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are getting a microwave oven and will be able to heat the baby’s formula faster. What should the nurse recommend?

• A. Heat only 8 oz or more.
• B. Do not heat a plastic bottle in a microwave oven.
• C. Leave the bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
• D. Shake the bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Heating formula in a plastic bottle in the microwave can cause uneven heating and release harmful chemicals from the plastic.

3. The school nurse understands that children are impacted by divorce. Which has the most impact on the positive outcome of a divorce?

• A. Age of the child
• B. Gender of the child
• C. Family characteristics
• D. Ongoing family conflict

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The level of ongoing family conflict is the most significant factor influencing the positive or negative outcomes for children during and after a divorce

4. When a pre-school child says the sun shines to keep her warm, this is an example of:

• A. Animism
• B. Artificialism
• C. Egocentrism
• D. Centering

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Artificialism. Artificialism is the belief that natural phenomena are created by human beings for human purposes. In this scenario, the child attributes human-like intentions to the sun, assuming it shines specifically to keep her warm. Choice A, Animism, is the belief that natural objects and phenomena are alive and have feelings. Choice C, Egocentrism, refers to a child's difficulty in seeing things from another person's perspective. Choice D, Centering, involves focusing on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring other relevant aspects.

5. A mother delivers an infant at 30 weeks gestation and asks if formula is better than breast milk since the baby is premature. What should the nurse respond?

• A. Human milk is preferred over other types of nutrition
• B. Human milk lacks essential nutrients for preterm infants
• C. Commercial infant formulas are preferred for preterm infants
• D. Commercial formulas have not been designed to meet preterm infants' needs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Human milk is preferred, even for preterm infants, because it contains essential nutrients and antibodies that are particularly beneficial for their growth and development. Choice B is incorrect because human milk is rich in essential nutrients necessary for preterm infants. Choice C is incorrect as commercial infant formulas do not provide the same benefits as human milk. Choice D is incorrect as specialized formulas are available to meet the unique nutritional needs of preterm infants, but human milk remains the optimal choice.

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