Nursing Elites

1. What is the most appropriate action for a healthcare provider if a child presents with suspected meningitis?

• A. Administer antibiotics immediately
• B. Perform a lumbar puncture
• C. Isolate the child
• D. Obtain a complete blood count

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Isolating the child is a priority to prevent the spread of infection until meningitis is confirmed or ruled out. Meningitis, particularly bacterial, is highly contagious and can lead to outbreaks if not properly managed. Isolation and prompt treatment are critical in preventing serious complications. Administering antibiotics immediately without confirmation of the diagnosis can be harmful if the cause is viral or non-infectious. Performing a lumbar puncture is a diagnostic procedure that should be done by a healthcare provider but is not the initial action when suspecting meningitis. Obtaining a complete blood count may be part of the diagnostic workup but is not the most appropriate initial action in suspected meningitis.

2. Pertussis vaccination should begin at which age?

• A. Birth
• B. 2 months
• C. 6 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The DTaP vaccine, which includes pertussis, is typically started at 2 months of age as part of the recommended immunization schedule.

3. As children grow and develop, their style of play changes. Which play style is seen in the preschooler?

• A. Solitary
• B. Associative
• C. Cooperative
• D. Parallel

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Associative. Associative play is common in preschoolers, where children engage in separate activities but interact by sharing toys and talking with each other. This stage is characterized by more social interaction than solitary play (option A), where children play alone without interacting with others. Cooperative play (option C) involves children working together towards a common goal, which is typically seen in older children. Parallel play (option D) is when children play alongside each other but do not actively engage with one another, which is more common in toddlers.

4. Which one of the following strategies might be recommended for an infant with failure to thrive (FTT) to increase caloric intake?

• A. Vary the schedule for routine activities on a daily basis.
• B. Be persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal.
• C. Avoid solids until after the bottle is well accepted.
• D. Use developmental stimulation by a specialist during feedings.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Being persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal is recommended to help increase caloric intake in infants with FTT. Establishing a routine and using developmental stimulation can also be helpful, but the priority is ensuring adequate caloric intake.

5. What is a common significant side effect of opioid administration?

• A. Euphoria
• B. Diuresis
• C. Constipation
• D. Allergic reactions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Constipation is one of the most common side effects of opioid administration due to the slowing down of gastrointestinal motility. Opioids affect the bowel movements, leading to constipation. Euphoria, while a possible effect, is less common than constipation. Diuresis is not a typical side effect of opioids; instead, urinary retention may occur. Allergic reactions are rare side effects of opioids, with symptoms such as rash, itching, or anaphylaxis.

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