ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children
1. Play activities of the preschool-age child include:
- A. Having imaginary playmates
- B. Selective collection of objects
- C. Complex board games
- D. Associative play
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Having imaginary playmates.' Preschool-age children often engage in imaginative play, which includes creating imaginary friends or playmates. This type of play helps them develop creativity, social skills, and emotional expression. Choice B, 'Selective collection of objects,' may be more common in older children and is not a typical play activity for preschoolers. Choice C, 'Complex board games,' are usually beyond the developmental level of preschoolers as they require more advanced cognitive skills. Choice D, 'Associative play,' is a term used to describe a type of play where children play alongside each other but not necessarily together, which is different from the imaginative play involving imaginary playmates that preschoolers often engage in.
2. A parent of a school-age child tells the school nurse that the parents are going through a divorce. The child has not been doing well in school and sometimes has trouble sleeping. The nurse should recognize this as what?
- A. Indicative of maladjustment
- B. A common reaction to divorce
- C. Suggestive of a lack of adequate parenting
- D. An unusual response that indicates a need for referral
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Poor academic performance and sleep disturbances are common reactions in children going through their parents' divorce, reflecting stress and adjustment challenges.
3. The parents of a 2-year-old boy who had a repair of exstrophy of the bladder at birth ask when they can begin toilet training their son. The nurse replies based on what knowledge?
- A. Most boys in the United States can be toilet trained at age 3 years.
- B. Training can begin when he has sufficient bladder capacity.
- C. Additional surgery may be necessary to achieve continence.
- D. They should begin now because he will require additional time.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Toilet training should begin when the child has sufficient bladder capacity and control, which may be delayed in children who have undergone surgical repairs for conditions like bladder exstrophy. Premature training can lead to frustration and setbacks.
4. The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child in the postoperative period. Which pain assessment tool is most appropriate for assessing pain intensity in a 2-year-old?
- A. Poker chip tool
- B. Oucher Scale
- C. Faces Pain Rating Scale
- D. FLACC Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The FLACC Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale is the most suitable tool for assessing pain in 2-year-old children postoperatively. It assesses pain by evaluating facial expression, leg movement, activity, cry, and consolability, making it effective for non-verbal children. The Poker chip tool is not appropriate for this age group. The Oucher Scale and Faces Pain Rating Scale are more suitable for older children who can self-report pain levels.
5. What should preoperative care of a newborn with an anorectal malformation include?
- A. Frequent suctioning
- B. Gastrointestinal decompression
- C. Feedings with sterile water only
- D. Supine position with head elevated
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Preoperative care for a newborn with an anorectal malformation should include feedings with sterile water only. This approach is important to avoid complications before surgery. Gastrointestinal decompression is necessary to prevent abdominal distention and potential aspiration, making choice B incorrect. Frequent suctioning and placing the newborn in a supine position with the head elevated are not typically part of the preoperative care protocol for an anorectal malformation, thus choices A and D are incorrect.