ATI RN
ATI Perfusion Quizlet
1. Several patients call the outpatient clinic and ask to make an appointment as soon as possible. Which patient should the nurse schedule to be seen first?
- A. A 44-year-old with sickle cell anemia who reports his eyes always look somewhat yellow
- B. A 23-year-old with no previous health problems who has a nontender lump in the axilla
- C. A 50-year-old with early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia who reports chronic fatigue
- D. A 19-year-old with hemophilia who wants to learn to self-administer factor VII replacement
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The patient's young age and the presence of a nontender lump in the axilla raise concerns for possible lymphoma, which requires prompt evaluation and treatment. This patient should be seen first to rule out any serious underlying condition. Choice A is less urgent as yellowish eyes in sickle cell anemia may be due to jaundice but not necessarily an acute issue. Choice C, a 50-year-old with chronic fatigue related to early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia, is a known condition that can be managed on a routine basis. Choice D, a 19-year-old with hemophilia wanting to self-administer factor VII replacement, is important but less urgent compared to the potential lymphoma presentation in choice B.
2. A patient admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed and anemia is receiving a blood transfusion. Based on the patient's hypotensive blood pressure, the nurse anticipates an order for IV fluids from the physician. Which of the following IV solutions may be administered with blood products?
- A. D5 and 0.45% Normal Saline
- B. Lactated Ringer's
- C. 5% dextrose in water
- D. 0.9% NaCl
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 0.9% NaCl. The only IV solution that can be administered with blood products is normal saline (0.9% NaCl). This solution is compatible with most blood products and is commonly used during transfusions to maintain hemodynamic stability. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A, D5 and 0.45% Normal Saline, contains dextrose and is not recommended to be given simultaneously with blood products. Choice B, Lactated Ringer's, contains calcium, which can cause coagulation and should not be mixed with blood. Choice C, 5% dextrose in water, is hypotonic and not suitable to be administered with blood products.
3. Which of the following describes a valid way to collect data for community assessment?
- A. Using a library database to conduct a literature review
- B. All of these strategies are helpful in conducting a community assessment
- C. Using surveys or questionnaires to gather information from members of the community
- D. Reading government documents to determine if similar data have already been collected
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Selecting option B is the correct choice as all the mentioned strategies in options A, C, and D are valid and useful methods for collecting data during a community assessment. Using a library database for a literature review, conducting surveys or questionnaires to gather information from community members, and reading government documents to identify existing data are essential approaches in assessing a community comprehensively.
4. Each statement is true of vitamin K, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Vitamin K is produced in the gut.
- B. Vitamin K functions as a catalyst for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors.
- C. Vitamin K maintains prothrombin levels.
- D. Vitamin K absorption increases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Vitamin K absorption decreases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation because in larger amounts, vitamin E acts as an anticoagulant. Vitamin K is not produced in the gut but can be obtained from food sources or supplements. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors and is crucial in maintaining prothrombin levels, which is vital for proper blood clotting. The incorrect choice, D, is misleading as high levels of vitamin E supplementation hinder vitamin K absorption due to its anticoagulant properties. Dental hygienists should be aware of the importance of vitamin K in blood clotting, especially when treating patients who are on anticoagulant medications for conditions like stroke prevention.
5. Which action demonstrates primary prevention?
- A. Administering immunizations
- B. Screening for early signs of disease
- C. Providing rehabilitation services
- D. Offering smoking cessation programs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering immunizations is a prime example of primary prevention because it focuses on preventing diseases before they occur. By administering vaccines, individuals are protected from various infectious diseases, thereby reducing the risk of illness and transmission to others. This proactive approach aligns with the primary prevention goal of promoting health and preventing the onset of diseases.
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