Nursing Elites

1. How would protein deficiency likely affect dental tissues?

• A. Decreased resistance to dental caries
• B. Increased tooth size
• C. Delayed tooth development
• D. Increased enamel mineralization

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Protein deficiency can lead to delayed tooth development as the body may not have enough resources to form teeth properly. This delay can make the teeth more susceptible to dental issues due to incomplete formation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Decreased resistance to dental caries is more related to factors like poor oral hygiene and sugary diets, increased tooth size is not a common effect of protein deficiency on dental tissues, and increased enamel mineralization is not typically associated with protein deficiency.

2. Which factor has been shown to increase the risk of development of atherosclerosis?

• A. Menopause
• B. Age older than 35
• C. Increased levels of arachidonic acid
• D. Elevated HDL cholesterol

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Menopause. Menopause is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis due to hormonal changes that affect lipid profiles and vascular health. Conversely, B: Age older than 35 is not necessarily a risk factor for atherosclerosis on its own, though atherosclerosis risk does generally increase with age. C: Increased levels of arachidonic acid is not specifically linked to atherosclerosis; it's a fatty acid that can be both beneficial and harmful to health depending on its metabolic pathway. D: Elevated HDL cholesterol is actually beneficial rather than harmful because HDL cholesterol is known as 'good' cholesterol that helps to reduce the risk of heart disease and atherosclerosis.

3. The parent of a child newly diagnosed with lactose intolerance is being taught by the nurse. Which food items identified by the parent indicate an understanding of foods to avoid?

• A. Popcorn, seeds, and any foods containing nuts.
• B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings.
• C. Wheat, rye, barley, and commercially baked goods.
• D. Eggs, ham, bacon, and canned meats.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Milk, cheese, ice cream, and puddings contain lactose, which individuals with lactose intolerance should avoid. Choices A, C, and D do not contain lactose and are not typically problematic for individuals with lactose intolerance.

4. A patient with an ileostomy is suffering from frequent diarrhea. The clinician should advise the patient to increase his intake of what food to thicken stool output?

• A. celery
• B. salad greens
• C. potatoes
• D. dried beans and peas

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Potatoes are starchy and can help thicken stool output, making them beneficial for patients with an ileostomy experiencing diarrhea.

5. Which of the following has the greatest effect on an increase in body weight?

• A. Carbohydrate intake
• B. Protein intake
• C. Fat intake
• D. Total kilocalories

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Total kilocalories have the greatest effect on body weight as they represent the overall energy intake from all macronutrients combined. While the consumption of specific macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can affect weight management, the total calories consumed play the most significant role in determining body weight. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they focus on individual macronutrients rather than the overall energy balance provided by total kilocalories.

Similar Questions