ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023 Test Bank
1. How would protein deficiency likely affect dental tissues?
- A. Decreased resistance to dental caries
- B. Increased tooth size
- C. Delayed tooth development
- D. Increased enamel mineralization
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Protein deficiency can lead to delayed tooth development as the body may not have enough resources to form teeth properly. This delay can make the teeth more susceptible to dental issues due to incomplete formation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Decreased resistance to dental caries is more related to factors like poor oral hygiene and sugary diets, increased tooth size is not a common effect of protein deficiency on dental tissues, and increased enamel mineralization is not typically associated with protein deficiency.
2. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect in a child with sickle cell anemia experiencing an acute vaso-occlusive crisis?
- A. Circulatory collapse, hypovolemia
- B. Cardiomegaly, systolic murmur
- C. Hepatomegaly, intrahepatic cholestasis
- D. Painful swelling of joints in hands and feet, tissue engorgement
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell anemia are characterized by painful swelling of the joints in the hands and feet (hand-foot syndrome) and tissue engorgement due to the obstruction of blood flow by sickled cells. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because circulatory collapse, hypovolemia, cardiomegaly, systolic murmur, hepatomegaly, and intrahepatic cholestasis are not typically associated with an acute vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia.
3. The nurse is discussing toddler development with a parent. Which intervention will foster the achievement of autonomy?
- A. Help the toddler complete tasks
- B. Encourage the toddler to do things for themselves when capable
- C. Provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children
- D. Help the toddler learn the difference between right and wrong
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the toddler to do things for themselves when capable is the correct intervention to foster autonomy. This approach helps the toddler develop independence, self-confidence, and a sense of achievement. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on assisting rather than encouraging independence. Choice C is incorrect as playing with other children primarily fosters social skills, not necessarily autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as learning the difference between right and wrong is related to moral development, not autonomy.
4. When teaching a client with a prescription for long-term use of oral prednisone for chronic asthma, the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Nervousness
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is weight gain. Weight gain and fluid retention are common adverse effects of oral prednisone due to sodium and water retention. Patients on long-term prednisone therapy should be advised to monitor their weight closely and report any significant changes to their healthcare provider. Choice B, 'Nervousness,' is not typically associated with oral prednisone use. Choice C, 'Bradycardia,' refers to a slow heart rate, which is not a common adverse effect of prednisone. Choice D, 'Constipation,' is not a typical adverse effect of oral prednisone; instead, gastrointestinal disturbances like increased appetite or even peptic ulcer disease may occur.
5. How can the nurse best explain the difference between angina and a myocardial infarction to a client presenting with severe chest pain?
- A. “Angina usually resolves with rest, and is rarely fatal, while a myocardial infarction necessitates immediate treatment and can be life-threatening.”
- B. “There is a clear distinction between the two. You will receive treatment based on the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction.”
- C. “Both conditions result from a clot obstructing the coronary arteries. Angina occurs with the blockage of a small vessel, whereas a myocardial infarction occurs with a blockage of a large vessel.”
- D. “Angina may not cause as intense chest pain, whereas a myocardial infarction always presents with severe chest pain.”
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When educating a client about the differences between angina and a myocardial infarction, it is crucial to emphasize key distinguishing factors. Angina typically improves with rest and is not usually life-threatening, whereas a myocardial infarction requires urgent intervention as it can be life-threatening. This explanation helps the client understand the urgency and severity associated with a myocardial infarction compared to angina.