Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following statements about Z-Track technique is false?

• A. Z-Track injections prevent irritation of the subcutaneous tissues
• B. The technique involves creating a Zig-Zag like pattern of medication
• C. It forces the medication to be contained in the subcutaneous tissues
• D. It is used when administering Parenteral Iron

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Z-Track technique is aimed at preventing medication leakage into the surrounding tissues by sealing the medication in the muscle, not by creating a Zig-Zag pattern. Choice A is correct as Z-Track injections help prevent irritation. Choice C is correct as it accurately describes how the technique works. Choice D is also correct as the Z-Track technique is commonly used when administering Parenteral Iron to prevent staining and irritation of the surrounding tissues.

2. The recommended treatment modality in clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is:

• A. Psychotherapy
• B. Behavior therapy
• C. Aversion therapy
• D. Psychoanalysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended treatment modality for clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is Behavior Therapy, not Psychoanalysis. Behavior therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention, is considered the first-line treatment for OCD. This therapy focuses on changing the patterns of behavior that contribute to the disorder. Psychotherapy, although beneficial in some cases, is not as effective as behavior therapy for OCD. Aversion therapy involves associating a stimulus with a negative outcome to reduce the frequency of a specific behavior, which is not the primary approach for OCD.

3. Which of the following is a tricyclic antidepressant drug?

• A. Venlafaxine (Effexor)
• B. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
• C. Sertraline (Zoloft)
• D. Imipramine (Tofranil)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Imipramine (Tofranil) is a tricyclic antidepressant drug. This class of medications is used to treat depression, and they work by increasing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain that help lift mood. On the other hand, Venlafaxine (Effexor) is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), Fluoxetine (Prozac) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), and Sertraline (Zoloft) is also an SSRI. Therefore, they are not classified as tricyclic antidepressants.

4. What dietary factor raises triglyceride levels?

• A. high refined carbohydrate intake
• B. low soluble fiber intake
• C. high iron intake
• D. low fat intake

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: high refined carbohydrate intake. High intake of refined carbohydrates, such as sugars and white flour, can lead to elevated triglyceride levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Choice B, low soluble fiber intake, is incorrect because soluble fiber actually helps lower triglyceride levels. Choice C, high iron intake, is incorrect as iron intake is not directly linked to raising triglyceride levels. Choice D, low fat intake, is also incorrect as not all fats raise triglyceride levels; it depends on the type of fat consumed.

5. A nurse in a long-term care facility is developing strategies to promote increased food intake for an older adult client. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

• A. Offer sugar substitutes to increase the client’s appetite.
• B. Provide opportunities to eat three large meals per day.
• C. Provide entertainment while the client is eating.
• D. Offer finger foods at mealtime.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct intervention for promoting increased food intake for an older adult client is to offer finger foods at mealtime. Finger foods are easier for older adults to manage, making eating less cumbersome and more enjoyable, which can help increase overall food intake. Providing sugar substitutes (Choice A) may not necessarily increase appetite and could have negative health effects. Eating three large meals per day (Choice B) may be overwhelming and not suitable for older adults who may prefer smaller, more frequent meals. While providing entertainment (Choice C) during meals can be beneficial in some cases, it may not directly contribute to increased food intake as effectively as offering finger foods.

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