ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Exams Set 2
1. People who use monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of depression need to avoid foods high in:
- A. Folate
- B. Tyramine
- C. Potassium
- D. Vitamin K
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tyramine. When individuals taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) consume foods high in tyramine, it can lead to a potentially dangerous increase in blood pressure known as a hypertensive crisis. Foods high in tyramine include aged cheeses, cured meats, and certain fermented foods. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Folate, potassium, and vitamin K are not typically contraindicated with the use of MAOIs.
2. A 52-year-old male patient recently required surgery for the removal of a large calcium oxalate stone. To prevent further stone formation, the nurse advises against drinking?
- A. apple juice
- B. tea
- C. orange juice
- D. coffee
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tea contains oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones; therefore, patients prone to kidney stones should avoid excessive tea consumption.
3. A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional report to the provider?
- A. Ammonia 75 mcg/dL
- B. Sodium 142 mEq/L
- C. Calcium 9.5 mg/dL
- D. Bilirubin 2.5 mg/dL
Correct answer: D
Rationale: An elevated bilirubin level in clients with cirrhosis indicates worsening liver function and potential complications. It is crucial to report this finding promptly as it may require immediate medical intervention. Elevated ammonia levels (choice A) are also concerning in cirrhosis, indicating hepatic encephalopathy, but bilirubin levels are more specific to liver function in this context. Choices B and C are within normal ranges and are not typically of immediate concern in cirrhosis.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Place the client in a high-Fowler's position
- B. Assist the client to the left Sims' position
- C. Insert the enema tubing 2.5 cm (1 in) into the rectum
- D. Lubricate the tip of the enema tubing with petroleum jelly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to assist the client to the left Sims' position when administering an enema. This position helps facilitate the flow of the enema solution into the rectum. Placing the client in a high-Fowler's position (Choice A) is not ideal for administering an enema. Inserting the enema tubing 2.5 cm (1 in) into the rectum (Choice C) is incorrect as it should be inserted 7.5-10 cm (3-4 in) for an adult. Lubricating the tip of the enema tubing with petroleum jelly (Choice D) is a correct step to ease insertion but is not the most critical action among the choices provided.
5. A child is refusing to use the potty and having accidents, even though he has achieved toilet training. This is an example of which type of behavior?
- A. Positive reinforcement
- B. Desensitization
- C. Phobia
- D. Regression
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, regression. Regression occurs when a child reverts to an earlier behavior, such as having accidents after being successfully toilet trained. This regression often happens due to stress or changes in routine. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because positive reinforcement involves encouraging desired behavior, desensitization is a process of reducing sensitivity to a stimulus, and phobia is an intense fear or aversion to a specific object or situation, none of which directly apply to the described situation of the child having accidents after being toilet trained.