ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Exams Set 2
1. Which of the following describes a process of heat loss involving the transfer of heat from one surface to another?
- A. Radiation
- B. Conduction
- C. Convection
- D. Evaporation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Conduction is the process of heat transfer that occurs between objects or substances that are in direct contact with each other. In this process, heat is transferred from a hotter surface to a cooler surface through direct contact. This type of heat transfer does not involve the movement of the substances themselves, only the transfer of thermal energy. Choice A, Radiation, is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium. Choice C, Convection, involves the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) due to density differences. Choice D, Evaporation, is a cooling process that involves the transformation of a liquid into a gas, absorbing heat in the process.
2. What are stressful occurrences referred to as?
- A. Health deficit
- B. Health threats
- C. Health need
- D. Foreseeable crisis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Stressful occurrences are known as foreseeable crises. These are situations that can be anticipated or expected to bring about stress or challenges.
3. A client has a new prescription for Digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Contact the provider if the heart rate is less than 60/min.
- B. Check the pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiply the result by 2.
- C. Increase the intake of sodium.
- D. Take with food if nausea occurs.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. It is crucial for clients on Digoxin to monitor their heart rate. A heart rate less than 60/min can indicate bradycardia, a potential side effect of Digoxin. Therefore, the client should be instructed to contact the provider if their heart rate is less than 60/min to prevent complications and receive appropriate management. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Checking the pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiplying by 2 is not specific to Digoxin administration. Increasing sodium intake is contraindicated as Digoxin can lead to sodium retention. Taking Digoxin with food if nausea occurs is not recommended as it may affect the drug's absorption.
4. What is the priority nursing action when a patient with chest pain presents with possible acute coronary syndrome?
- A. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
- B. Obtain IV access
- C. Check the patient's cardiac enzymes
- D. Administer aspirin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing action when a patient with chest pain presents with possible acute coronary syndrome is to administer sublingual nitroglycerin. Sublingual nitroglycerin helps dilate blood vessels, reducing cardiac workload, and improving blood supply to the heart muscle, thus relieving pain and enhancing blood flow to the heart. While obtaining IV access is important for administering medications and fluids, it is not the priority over addressing pain and improving blood flow. Checking the patient's cardiac enzymes is crucial for diagnosis and ongoing management but not the immediate priority when the patient is in pain. Administering aspirin is also a vital intervention in acute coronary syndrome, but in this scenario, it is not the priority action compared to providing immediate pain relief and enhancing blood flow to the heart.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has a chest tube and notes continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Continue to monitor the client.
- B. Clamp the chest tube.
- C. Replace the drainage system.
- D. Apply a dressing over the insertion site.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when continuous bubbling is noted in the water seal chamber of a chest tube is to apply a dressing over the insertion site. Continuous bubbling indicates an air leak, and applying a dressing helps manage this issue by providing a seal. Clamping the chest tube or replacing the drainage system is not appropriate in this situation as it can lead to complications such as tension pneumothorax or inadequate drainage of the pleural space.