Nursing Elites

1. What are three major causes of atherosclerosis?

• A. Hyperthyroidism, underweight, and poor appetite
• B. High blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, and cigarette smoking
• C. Constipation, peptic ulcer disease, and pancreatitis
• D. Kidney failure, edema, and sodium retention

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: High blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, and cigarette smoking are three major causes of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is mainly attributed to the buildup of cholesterol-rich plaques in the arteries, high blood pressure causing damage to the arterial walls, and the harmful effects of cigarette smoking on blood vessels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the primary causes of atherosclerosis.

2. The nurse is planning to provide education about foods containing thiamine to a group of clients. Which food high in thiamine should the nurse include?

• A. Fish
• B. Pork
• C. Beef
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pork. Pork is high in thiamine, which is important for preventing thiamine deficiency. Thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1, is essential for the body's metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system. While fish, beef, and eggs are nutritious foods, they do not contain as high levels of thiamine as pork does. Therefore, when educating clients about thiamine-rich foods, pork would be the most appropriate choice.

3. Which of the following is a primary intervention for managing hyperphosphatemia?

• A. Increasing calcium intake
• B. Increasing phosphorus intake
• C. Decreasing calcium intake
• D. Administering phosphate binders

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, administering phosphate binders. Phosphate binders are a primary intervention for managing hyperphosphatemia as they help by binding phosphorus in the gut, preventing its absorption. Increasing calcium intake (choice A) or phosphorus intake (choice B) would exacerbate hyperphosphatemia. Decreasing calcium intake (choice C) is not a primary intervention for managing high phosphorus levels.

4. What nutrient can be obtained from broccoli and is related to the concept of increased excretion?

• A. Potassium
• B. Increased excretion
• C. Broccoli
• D.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Broccoli. Broccoli is a good source of potassium. Increased excretion can be related to the dietary intake of nutrients like potassium. Choice A, Potassium, is a nutrient obtained from broccoli but is not directly related to increased excretion. Choice B, Increased excretion, is a process rather than a nutrient obtained from broccoli, making it an incorrect choice.

5. A healthcare provider is caring for a client who takes an antidepressant and oral contraceptives. Which herbal supplement should the healthcare provider educate the client about due to a drug-herb interaction?

• A. Iron supplement
• B. Garlic
• C. Green tea
• D. St. John’s Wort

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, St. John’s Wort. St. John’s Wort can interact with antidepressants and oral contraceptives, potentially reducing their efficacy. Iron supplement, garlic, and green tea are not typically known to have significant interactions with antidepressants or oral contraceptives, making them less likely to impact the client's treatment.

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