Nursing Elites

1. Paired organs, such as the kidneys or lungs, are said to be

• A. bisexual.
• B. bilingual.
• C. bilateral.
• D. bivalent.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'bilateral.' Paired organs like the kidneys or lungs are described as bilateral because they occur in pairs on both sides of the body. Option A 'bisexual' refers to having both male and female reproductive organs, which is not the correct term for paired organs. Option B 'bilingual' refers to being able to speak two languages, which is not related to the description of paired organs. Option D 'bivalent' means having two valences, which is also unrelated to the context of paired organs.

2. What is homeostasis?

• A. The inability to keep body weight within normal limits.
• B. Room temperature decreasing because a window is open.
• C. Ingestion of more food than needed.
• D. The tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A describes obesity, choice B describes a specific scenario with room temperature, and choice C refers to overeating, which is not related to homeostasis.

3. Which of the following are vital signs?

• A. Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate
• B. Appearance of the skin, red blood cell count, oxygen level
• C. Body weight, age, gender
• D. Visual acuity and auditory sharpness

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate. Vital signs are measurements that indicate the body's basic functions and are essential indicators of health. Body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate are classic vital signs routinely checked in medical settings to assess a person's overall health status. Choices B, C, and D are not considered vital signs. The appearance of the skin, red blood cell count, and oxygen level may provide valuable health information but are not classified as vital signs. Similarly, body weight, age, and gender are important factors in healthcare but are not vital signs. Visual acuity and auditory sharpness relate to sensory functions and are not typically categorized as vital signs.

4. One characteristic that centenarians share is

• A. a high level of exercise throughout life
• B. long-lived relatives
• C. following the Mediterranean diet
• D. never having smoked

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'never having smoked.' Research suggests that one of the common characteristics among centenarians is that they have never smoked. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for various diseases and can significantly reduce lifespan. Choice A, 'a high level of exercise throughout life,' is not a universal characteristic among centenarians, although exercise can contribute to a healthy lifestyle. Choice B, 'long-lived relatives,' while genetics can play a role in longevity, not all centenarians have long-lived relatives. Choice C, 'following the Mediterranean diet,' is a healthy dietary choice but not a defining characteristic shared by all centenarians.

5. In a normally functioning cardiovascular system, where does the heartbeat originate?

• A. Atrioventricular nodes
• B. Bundle of His
• C. Purkinje fibers
• D. Sinoatrial node

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is the Sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart as it initiates the electrical impulses responsible for the heartbeat. The other choices, such as the Atrioventricular (AV) nodes, Bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers, are involved in conducting the electrical signals generated by the SA node to coordinate the heart's contractions. Therefore, they do not serve as the primary origin of the heartbeat.

Similar Questions