most nutrient digestion and absorption occurs in the

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023 Test Bank

1. Where does most nutrient digestion and absorption occur?

A. Large intestine
B. Small intestine
C. Stomach
D. Mouth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The small intestine is the correct answer. It is the primary site for nutrient digestion and absorption in the digestive system. The small intestine plays a crucial role in breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into forms that can be absorbed by the body. While the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, the majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine. The stomach primarily functions in the initial digestion of proteins, and the mouth begins the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing.

2. In the US, low iron intake is often associated with?

A. low intake of fruits and vegetables
B. pregnancy
C. high sugar and fat intakes
D. high protein intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Diets high in sugar and fat often lack essential nutrients like iron, leading to a risk of iron deficiency anemia, especially when iron-rich foods are not consumed adequately.

3. Why is a pulse oximeter attached to Mr. Dizon's finger?

A. To determine if the patient's hemoglobin level is low and if he requires a blood transfusion
B. To check the level of the patient's tissue perfusion
C. To measure the effectiveness of the patient's anti-hypertensive medications
D. To detect oxygen saturation of arterial blood before symptoms of hypoxemia develop

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A pulse oximeter is used to detect the oxygen saturation levels in arterial blood before the onset of hypoxemia symptoms. This device provides essential information about the effectiveness of oxygen transportation to the body's tissues. Choice A is incorrect because a pulse oximeter does not directly measure hemoglobin levels nor determine the need for a blood transfusion. Choice B is incorrect because a pulse oximeter is designed specifically to assess oxygen saturation, not tissue perfusion. Choice C is incorrect because a pulse oximeter is not used to measure the efficacy of anti-hypertensive medications, but rather to monitor oxygen levels in the blood.

4. Which of the following statements are correct?

A. Lipids are transported in the blood as lipoproteins, which are clusters of lipids associated with proteins.
B. In type II diabetes, the pancreas produces insulin, but cells are resistant to this signal.
C. The glycemic index classifies foods based on their potential to raise blood glucose levels.
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Option A is correct because lipoproteins indeed transport lipids in the blood. They are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport water-insoluble lipids through the blood. Option B is correct as it accurately describes the condition of type II diabetes where the pancreas can produce insulin, but the cells are resistant to its signal, causing an ineffective regulation of blood sugar. Option C is also correct because the glycemic index is indeed a classification system for foods based on their potential to raise blood glucose levels. High glycemic index foods raise blood glucose levels faster than low glycemic index foods. Hence, all the statements are correct, making option D the correct answer.