ATI RN
Psychology 101 Exam 3 Test
1. Mental disorders are almost always _______, meaning they are influenced by multiple genes.
- A. environmental
- B. chemical circuits
- C. polygenic
- D. probabilistic
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'polygenic.' Mental disorders are polygenic, which means they are influenced by multiple genes. This term specifically refers to conditions or traits that are caused by more than one gene. Choice A, 'environmental,' is incorrect as it doesn't directly refer to the genetic influence on mental disorders. Choice B, 'chemical circuits,' is incorrect as it is too specific and not a common term used to describe the genetic basis of mental disorders. Choice D, 'probabilistic,' is incorrect as it relates more to the likelihood or chance of something happening rather than the genetic influence on mental disorders.
2. Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable disease?
- A. Tuberculosis
- B. Malaria
- C. Cancer
- D. Heart disease
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A non-communicable disease is a medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents and cannot be transmitted from person to person. Cancer fits this definition as it is a non-communicable disease that typically arises from genetic mutations or environmental factors, rather than being contagious like tuberculosis or malaria.
3. Which clients are at highest risk for pneumonia?
- A. Those in their 20s and 30s and generally healthy
- B. Those who exercise regularly and are not exposed to pathogens
- C. Those who are hospitalized and immunocompromised
- D. Those who have adequate respiratory function
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Clients who are hospitalized and immunocompromised are at the highest risk for pneumonia due to their weakened immune systems. Choice A is incorrect as young and healthy individuals typically have stronger immune systems. Choice B is incorrect because regular exercise can actually boost the immune system and reduce the risk of infections. Choice D is incorrect as having adequate respiratory function does not necessarily correlate with the risk of developing pneumonia.
4. What is the classification for the drug valproate?
- A. Anti-diabetic
- B. Anti-convulsant
- C. Anti-ulcer agent
- D. Anti-hypertensive
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Valproate is classified as an anticonvulsant. It is commonly used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain. Therefore, the correct classification for valproate is as an anticonvulsant. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because valproate is not used to treat diabetes, ulcers, or hypertension.
5. What changes could the school nurse implement at the school to help reduce students’ risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
- A. Increase the amount of daily physical activity.
- B. Decrease the amount of daily physical activity.
- C. Test each child’s urine monthly.
- D. Teach parents to avoid administering aspirin to their child.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Increasing physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in children. Regular physical activity is a key component in managing weight and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Decreasing physical activity (Choice B) would not be beneficial in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Testing each child’s urine monthly (Choice C) is not directly related to preventing type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents to avoid administering aspirin to their child (Choice D) is important for Reye's syndrome prevention but not directly related to reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.
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