ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology 101
1. Marissa wants to study people's emotional reactions to increases in temperature. Her classmate, Bernard, tells her that she should focus on observable behaviors rather than internal states in her study. Bernard's views are most similar to those found in?
- A. The psychodynamic perspective.
- B. The evolutionary perspective.
- C. The behavioral perspective.
- D. The biological perspective.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Bernard's advice to focus on observable behaviors aligns with the behavioral perspective. Behaviorists emphasize studying external actions rather than internal states to understand human behavior. The psychodynamic perspective (Choice A) focuses on unconscious processes, the evolutionary perspective (Choice B) on adaptation and natural selection, and the biological perspective (Choice D) on the biological underpinnings of behavior, making them less similar to Bernard's suggestion.
2. A client is taking Digoxin and has a new prescription for Colesevelam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take digoxin with your morning dose of colesevelam.
- B. Your sodium and potassium levels will be monitored periodically while taking colesevelam.
- C. Watch for bleeding or bruising while taking colesevelam.
- D. Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When taking colesevelam, it should be administered with food and at least 8 oz of water to ensure proper absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Taking colesevelam with food also helps in binding to bile acids efficiently. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not provide the necessary instruction for taking colesevelam correctly or monitoring specific side effects associated with this medication.
3. A healthcare provider is evaluating a client who is taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depression. Which symptom should the healthcare provider identify as an adverse effect that requires immediate attention?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Weight gain
- C. Blurred vision
- D. Suicidal thoughts
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Suicidal thoughts are a serious adverse effect associated with SSRIs and require immediate attention. This symptom is critical as it can increase the risk of self-harm or suicide in individuals taking these medications. Increased appetite and weight gain are common side effects of SSRIs but do not require immediate attention. Blurred vision is not a typical adverse effect of SSRIs, making it an incorrect choice. Healthcare providers must promptly recognize and address suicidal thoughts to ensure the safety and well-being of the client.
4. With which of the following should fluoride supplements never be taken?
- A. Water
- B. Juice
- C. Milk
- D. Soda
Correct answer: C: Milk
Rationale: Fluoride supplements should never be taken with milk because the fluoride binds with the calcium in the milk, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the fluoride supplement. Other beverages like water, juice, or soda do not share this characteristic as they do not contain the same level of calcium as milk. The rationale behind choosing milk as the correct answer is that it hampers the effectiveness of fluoride supplements, whereas the other choices do not.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has dementia and frequently tries to get out of bed. What actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
- A. Turn off the bed alarm
- B. Use physical restraints
- C. Maintain the bed in the lowest position
- D. Apply a vest restraint
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Maintaining the bed in the lowest position is an appropriate action when caring for a client with dementia who tries to get out of bed. This helps reduce the risk of falls and ensures the client's safety. Turning off the bed alarm (Choice A) is not advisable as it can be a safety measure to alert the staff when the client tries to get out of bed. Using physical restraints (Choice B) and applying a vest restraint (Choice D) should be avoided as they can lead to physical and psychological harm, reduce mobility, and compromise the client's dignity.
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