Nursing Elites

1. Living organisms use oxygen to __________________.

• A. reduce heat production
• B. accept electrons for cellular metabolism
• C. release energy stored in the molecules of food
• D. remove metabolic wastes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Living organisms use oxygen to release energy stored in the molecules of food through a process called cellular respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. Choice A is incorrect because oxygen does not directly reduce heat production in organisms. Choice B is incorrect because oxygen is involved in accepting electrons rather than donating them in cellular metabolism. Choice D is incorrect because the removal of metabolic wastes is not the primary role of oxygen in living organisms.

2. In all organisms, what is the basic unit of structure and function?

• A. the atom
• B. the molecule
• C. the macromolecule
• D. the cell

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'the cell.' Cells are considered the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. While atoms are the smallest units of matter, they do not represent the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Molecules are made up of atoms and can vary in size and complexity, but they are not the fundamental unit of life. Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life processes, but they are composed of atoms and do not function as the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Therefore, the cell, with its organelles and specialized functions, is the correct answer.

3. In the early days, healers transitioned from superstition and magic to using natural chemicals in the field of medicine.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement is true. The field of medicine evolved as early healers moved away from superstition and magic, instead focusing on natural chemicals to treat illnesses. This transition marked a shift towards a more scientific and evidence-based approach to healthcare. This historical transition is well-documented in the evolution of medicine. Choice B is incorrect because the statement accurately reflects the historical development of medicine. Choice C is incorrect as the historical transition from superstition to natural chemicals is a well-documented aspect of the evolution of medicine. Choice D is incorrect as the statement provided is true.

4. Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body and heat and pressure __________.

• A. decrease steadily
• B. remain within certain limited ranges
• C. increase when the body is stressed
• D. fluctuate greatly between very high and low values

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes. To achieve this balance, concentrations of essential substances must remain within specific ranges. Choice A is incorrect because decreasing concentrations would not maintain stability. Choice C is incorrect as increasing concentrations when the body is stressed would disrupt homeostasis. Choice D is incorrect as fluctuating greatly between high and low values would also not support the body's stability. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it aligns with the concept of homeostasis by emphasizing the need for stability within certain limits.

5. Is oxygen the primary raw material for new living material?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: While oxygen is essential for many living organisms, it is not the primary raw material for new living material. The primary raw materials for new living material are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur, collectively known as CHNOPS elements. These elements are the building blocks of biological molecules and are essential for life. Therefore, the correct answer is False. Choices C and D are incorrect because the primary raw materials for new living material are well-established in biology.

Similar Questions