ATI RN
ATI Anatomy and Physiology Online Practice
1. Living organisms use oxygen to __________________.
- A. reduce heat production
- B. accept electrons for cellular metabolism
- C. release energy stored in the molecules of food
- D. remove metabolic wastes
Correct answer: C: release energy stored in the molecules of food
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Living organisms use oxygen to release energy stored in the molecules of food through a process called cellular respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. Choice A is incorrect because oxygen does not directly reduce heat production in organisms. Choice B is incorrect because oxygen is involved in accepting electrons rather than donating them in cellular metabolism. Choice D is incorrect because the removal of metabolic wastes is not the primary role of oxygen in living organisms.
2. Which term is best described as a systematic, rational method of planning and providing nursing care for individuals, families, groups, and communities?
- A. Assessment
- B. Nursing Process
- C. Diagnosis
- D. Implementation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nursing Process. The nursing process is a systematic, rational method that guides nurses in planning and delivering patient care. It involves a series of steps including assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. By utilizing the nursing process, nurses can provide individualized care tailored to the specific needs of patients, families, groups, and communities. Choice A, Assessment, is a step within the nursing process but does not encompass the entire process itself. Choice C, Diagnosis, is another step within the nursing process and focuses on identifying the patient's health problems. Choice D, Implementation, is also a step in the nursing process where the care plan is put into action, but it does not solely describe the entire systematic and rational method of planning and providing nursing care.
3. A patient is being treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopausal symptoms. What are the risks associated with long-term HRT that the nurse should discuss with the patient?
- A. HRT may increase the risk of cardiovascular events and breast cancer.
- B. HRT may decrease the risk of osteoporosis.
- C. HRT may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism.
- D. HRT may improve mood and energy levels.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Long-term HRT is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular events and breast cancer. These risks should be discussed with the patient to ensure they are informed about the potential adverse effects. Choice B is incorrect because HRT does not decrease the risk of osteoporosis; in fact, it may increase the risk of certain conditions like cardiovascular events. Choice C is incorrect as HRT is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, not a decreased risk. Choice D is incorrect because while HRT may have positive effects like improving symptoms of menopause, it is not primarily indicated for improving mood and energy levels.
4. A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after the administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?
- A. We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill.
- B. We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered.
- C. We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake.
- D. We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for homeschooling.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Children with MCNS who are in remission can usually attend school and participate in normal activities with precautions to avoid infections. Home schooling may not be necessary, and this indicates a misunderstanding of the condition's management.
5. Which is a consequence of the physical punishment of children, such as spanking?
- A. The psychological impact is usually minimal.
- B. The child's development of reasoning increases.
- C. Children rarely become accustomed to spanking.
- D. Misbehavior is likely to occur when parents are not present.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Physical punishment, such as spanking, may result in children misbehaving when parents are not present, as it does not teach appropriate behavior or self-regulation.
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