Nursing Elites

1. Is a cell the basic unit of structure and function of an organism?

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: True. A cell is indeed the basic unit of structure and function of an organism. Cells are the smallest independently functioning unit in the structure of an organism and carry out vital functions necessary for life. Choice B, False, is incorrect because cells are universally recognized as the fundamental unit of life. Choice C, Not Sure, is incorrect as the role of a cell as the basic unit of an organism's structure and function is a well-established scientific fact. Choice D, None of the above, is incorrect as the statement provided in the question is true.

2. Ceroid pigments and lipofuscin accumulate with aging, impairing a cell's ability to withstand the damaging effects of oxygen free radicals.

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement provided in the question is true. Ceroid pigments and lipofuscin are products of cellular damage and aging. These substances accumulate within cells over time and can impair cellular functions, including the ability to withstand the damaging effects of oxygen free radicals. Choice B, 'False,' is incorrect because the accumulation of ceroid pigments and lipofuscin does indeed impair a cell's ability to deal with oxidative stress. Choices C and D are also incorrect as the statement is true.

3. Which of the following must the human body obtain from the environment in order to survive?

• A. Nitrogen
• B. Waste products
• C. Water
• D. Carbon dioxide

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Water. Water is essential for the human body to survive as it plays a crucial role in various physiological processes like digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere and is not directly obtained from the environment for survival. Waste products are materials that need to be eliminated from the body, not obtained for sustenance. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration and is expelled from the body through breathing, not obtained as a nutrient.

4. Specialized cell types organized in a way that provides a specific function form

• A. tissues, which build organs.
• B. organs, which build tissues.
• C. organ systems, which build tissues.
• D. atoms, which comprise tissues.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'tissues, which build organs.' Specialized cell types organize to form tissues, which in turn build organs. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. Option B is incorrect because organs are composed of tissues, not the other way around. Option C is incorrect as organ systems consist of multiple organs working together, not building tissues. Option D is incorrect as atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and are not directly involved in forming tissues.

5. Most of the terminology to name and describe body parts and their functions comes from

• A. Latin and Greek.
• B. English and Italian.
• C. Pictures drawn on the cave walls of our ancestors.
• D. The language of hunter-gatherers.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Latin and Greek. Medical terminology is largely derived from Latin and Greek roots. These languages have been foundational in the development of medical terminology due to the precision and descriptive nature of their vocabulary. Choice B, English and Italian, is incorrect because while some medical terms may have originated from these languages, the majority come from Latin and Greek. Choices C and D, pictures drawn on the cave walls of our ancestors and the language of hunter-gatherers, are both incorrect as they do not align with the historical origins of medical terminology.

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