ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. What should Mrs. Smith do to increase her HDL levels, as advised by the nurse?
- A. Monitor her blood glucose levels
- B. Quit smoking
- C. Control her blood pressure
- D. Take fish oil supplements
Correct answer: B: Quit smoking
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Quit smoking.' Smoking has been shown to lower HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) levels, and quitting can help to improve these levels. HDL is often referred to as 'good cholesterol' because it helps to remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing the risk of heart disease. While monitoring blood glucose levels, controlling blood pressure, and taking fish oil supplements can contribute to overall health and wellbeing, they do not directly increase HDL levels in the same way that quitting smoking does. Therefore, quitting smoking is the most effective way for Mrs. Smith to increase her HDL levels as advised by the nurse.
2. Which action represents a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Screening for hypertension
- B. Providing immunizations
- C. Offering rehabilitation services
- D. Administering antibiotics for infections
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Screening for hypertension is a secondary prevention strategy as it involves early detection and management of a health condition before it progresses. Secondary prevention aims to identify and treat diseases in their early stages to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
3. Surgical management of ulcerative colitis may be performed to treat which of the following complications?
- A. Gastritis
- B. Bowel herniation
- C. Bowel outpouching
- D. Bowel perforation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Surgical management of ulcerative colitis may be necessary to treat complications such as bowel perforation.
4. A client has deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Apply cold compresses to the affected extremity.
- B. Massage the affected extremity every 2 hours.
- C. Elevate the affected extremity above the level of the heart.
- D. Keep the affected extremity dependent when sitting.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is to elevate the affected extremity above the level of the heart. This position promotes venous return, reduces swelling, and helps prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism. Applying cold compresses (choice A) can vasoconstrict blood vessels, potentially worsening the condition. Massaging the affected extremity (choice B) can dislodge the clot and lead to serious complications. Keeping the affected extremity dependent when sitting (choice D) can hinder venous return and exacerbate the DVT.
5. A client with peptic ulcer disease is being taught about managing the condition. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should eat small, frequent meals that are low in fiber.
- B. I will limit my intake of caffeine-containing beverages.
- C. I should take NSAIDs to relieve my pain.
- D. I will drink milk before bedtime to decrease acid production.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'I will limit my intake of caffeine-containing beverages.' Limiting intake of caffeine-containing beverages is important for managing peptic ulcer disease as caffeine can stimulate gastric acid secretion, which may worsen the condition. It is advisable to choose decaffeinated beverages and avoid caffeinated drinks to help reduce the risk of aggravating the ulcer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A suggests eating small, frequent meals low in fiber, which is not ideal for managing peptic ulcer disease. Choice C of taking NSAIDs is contraindicated as NSAIDs can worsen peptic ulcers. Choice D of drinking milk before bedtime to decrease acid production is a common misconception; while milk may temporarily neutralize stomach acid, it can stimulate more acid production later, making the condition worse.