Nursing Elites

1. In an extreme situation and when no other resident or intern is available, should a nurse receive telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within:

• A. 24 hours
• B. 36 hours
• C. 48 hours
• D. 12 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In an extreme situation where no other resident or intern is available, if a nurse receives telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within 36 hours. This time frame ensures timely documentation and validation of the orders. Choice A (24 hours) is too short a period for busy physicians to fulfill the task. Choice C (48 hours) is too long and delays the incorporation of physician orders into the patient's care plan. Choice D (12 hours) may not provide enough time for the physician to review and sign the order, especially in situations where immediate attention is not required.

2. While a team effort is necessary in the operating room (OR) for efficient and quality patient care delivery, the number of people in the room should be limited for infection control purposes. Which roles comprise this team?

• A. Surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, radiologist, orderly
• B. Surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, circulating nurse, anesthesiologist
• C. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, pathologist
• D. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, intern, scrub nurse

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The roles typically present in an operating room team include the surgeon, assistants (which may include an assistant surgeon), scrub nurse, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. These roles are directly involved in the operation and patient care. Choice B is correct. Choice A includes a radiologist and an orderly, who are not typically part of the immediate surgical team in the OR. Choice C includes a pathologist, who usually works in a laboratory outside of the OR. Choice D includes an intern, who may or may not be part of the team, depending on the specific circumstances and hospital policy. These explanations make choices A, C, and D incorrect.

3. A common side effect of diuretic medications is _____.

• A. dry mouth
• B. urinary tract infection
• C. increased taste perception
• D. nausea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Diuretic medications can lead to dry mouth due to increased fluid loss through urination, reducing saliva production.

4. A client who is breastfeeding is being taught diet modification by a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I should drink an 8-ounce glass of water each time my baby nurses.
• B. I should take a 1500-milligram iron supplement daily.
• C. I can eat a 2500-calorie daily diet to lose 1 lb per week.
• D. I can eat ounces of swordfish daily.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because drinking an 8-ounce glass of water each time the baby nurses helps maintain hydration and support milk production. Choice B is incorrect as the need for iron supplementation should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Choice C is incorrect as a 2500-calorie diet is not typically recommended for weight loss during breastfeeding. Choice D is incorrect as consuming high levels of swordfish is not advisable due to its mercury content, which can be harmful to the baby.

5. An advance directive known as a durable power of attorney involves appointing another person called a(n) _____ to act as the decision maker in the event of the patient's incapacitation.

• A. witness
• B. primary caregiver
• C. health care agent
• D. state proxy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'health care agent.' A health care agent is appointed through a durable power of attorney to make medical decisions on behalf of a patient who becomes incapacitated. The term 'witness' (choice A) is incorrect because a witness only observes the signing of the directive and does not make decisions. 'Primary caregiver' (choice B) is also incorrect as they may provide care but are not necessarily legally empowered to make decisions. 'State proxy' (choice D) is not commonly used in the context of advance directives or health care decision making, making it an incorrect choice.

Similar Questions