ATI RN
ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam
1. In a patient with chronic kidney disease, which dietary modification is recommended?
- A. Increase protein intake
- B. Reduce potassium intake
- C. Increase sodium intake
- D. Reduce fiber intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Reducing potassium intake is important for patients with chronic kidney disease to prevent hyperkalemia.
2. A nurse is discussing denture care with the partner of a client who is unable to perform oral hygiene. Which of the following should be included in the discussion?
- A. Floss dentures as part of daily cleaning.
- B. Wipe dentures before storing them in a dry container at night.
- C. Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures.
- D. Use a washcloth to clean the denture surfaces.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Wrapping gloved fingers with gauze provides a safe and effective method for removing dentures, preventing damage.
3. For minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), prednisone is effective when what occurs?
- A. Appetite increases and blood pressure is normal
- B. Urinary tract infection is gone and edema subsides
- C. Generalized edema subsides and blood pressure is normal
- D. Diuresis occurs as urinary protein excretion diminishes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The effectiveness of prednisone in treating MCNS is indicated by diuresis and a decrease in urinary protein excretion. Subsidence of generalized edema is also a positive sign, but the key indicator is the reduction in proteinuria, which is achieved through diuresis.
4. What changes could the school nurse implement at the school to help reduce students’ risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
- A. Increase the amount of daily physical activity.
- B. Decrease the amount of daily physical activity.
- C. Test each child’s urine monthly.
- D. Teach parents to avoid administering aspirin to their child.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Increasing physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in children. Regular physical activity is a key component in managing weight and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Decreasing physical activity (Choice B) would not be beneficial in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Testing each child’s urine monthly (Choice C) is not directly related to preventing type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents to avoid administering aspirin to their child (Choice D) is important for Reye's syndrome prevention but not directly related to reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a narcotic medication. What should the nurse do with the unused portion after administration?
- A. Store it in the medication cart for later use
- B. Discard it with a witness present
- C. Return it to the pharmacy
- D. Report it to the provider
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take with the unused portion of a narcotic medication after administration is to discard it with a witness present. This procedure is necessary to comply with controlled substance regulations and prevent diversion or misuse of the medication. Storing it in the medication cart for later use is inappropriate as it can lead to unauthorized access. Returning it to the pharmacy is not recommended as the medication has already been dispensed. Reporting it to the provider is not the standard procedure for disposing of controlled substances.