atherosclerosis is dangerous to arterial function because

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. Why is atherosclerosis dangerous to arterial function?

A. It diminishes central circulation
B. It causes decreased blood pressure on artery walls
C. It narrows the arterial lumen so a clot can easily block it
D. It increases arterial elasticity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Atherosclerosis is dangerous to arterial function because it narrows the arterial lumen, increasing the risk of a clot completely blocking the blood flow. This can lead to severe cardiovascular events such as heart attacks or strokes. Choice A is incorrect since atherosclerosis does not primarily diminish central circulation, but rather, it impedes local blood flow where the plaque is present. Choice B is also incorrect as atherosclerosis increases the pressure on artery walls due to the narrowed space for blood flow, not decrease it. Lastly, choice D is incorrect as atherosclerosis causes the arteries to lose their elasticity, not increase it.

2. During the phallic stage, with which parent must the child identify?

A. The same-sex parent
B. The opposite-sex parent
C. The mother or the primary caregiver
D. Both parents

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, during the phallic stage (approximately ages 3 to 6), the child starts to identify with the parent of the same sex. This identification is a crucial part of the child's development and is believed to influence their adult behavior. The process involves the child adopting the characteristics, attitudes, and values of the same-sex parent. Choice B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Freud's theory of the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

3. A diet high in which nutrient can lead to increased risk of developing kidney stones?

A. Fiber
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrates
D. Unsaturated fats

Correct answer: B

Rationale: High protein intake can increase the risk of kidney stones due to elevated calcium excretion.

4. Which adolescent student lunch, evaluated by the school nurse, is the least nutritious?

A. Ham sandwich, apple, and milk
B. Hamburger, fries, and soft drink
C. Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches
D. Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hamburger, fries, and soft drink. This meal is considered the least nutritious among the options provided due to its high content of unhealthy fats, processed carbohydrates, and added sugars, which lack essential nutrients. On the other hand, choice A: Ham sandwich, apple, and milk, offers a balanced meal with protein, fiber, vitamins, and calcium. Choice C: Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches, provides a mixture of carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits. Choice D: Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices, includes protein, fiber, and vitamins. Thus, all choices except B provide a more balanced and nutritious meal.