ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology 101
1. In a breech presentation, how is the infant positioned for delivery?
- A. Is too large to be delivered vaginally.
- B. Is delivered feet or bottom first.
- C. Is delivered head first.
- D. Appears face down.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a breech presentation, the infant is positioned to be delivered feet or bottom first. This is because the baby's pelvis or feet enter the birth canal before the head. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a breech presentation specifically refers to the baby being positioned feet or bottom first, not head first, face down, or being too large for vaginal delivery.
2. What are genes made of?
- A. Trisomes
- B. Chromosomes
- C. DNA
- D. Proteins
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Genes are made of DNA, which is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of organisms. While chromosomes contain genes, they are not what genes themselves are made of. Proteins are involved in gene expression and regulation, but they are not the primary material genes consist of. Trisomes is an incorrect term in this context and does not relate to the composition of genes.
3. A client with bipolar disorder is experiencing a manic episode. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? Select one that does not apply.
- A. Provide a structured environment
- B. Encourage rest periods
- C. Limit setting on inappropriate behaviors
- D. Allow the client to engage in stimulating activities
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During a manic episode, it is essential to provide a structured environment to help the client maintain stability. Encouraging rest periods is crucial as excessive activity during mania can lead to exhaustion. Setting limits on inappropriate behaviors helps ensure the client's safety and the safety of others. Allowing the client to engage in stimulating activities can exacerbate manic symptoms by further increasing their energy levels and impulsivity. This can lead to a worsening of the manic episode and potentially risky behaviors. Therefore, allowing the client to engage in stimulating activities is not an appropriate intervention during a manic episode.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous enteral feedings through a nasogastric tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Keep the head of the bed elevated to 15 degrees.
- B. Change the feeding bag every 48 hours.
- C. Administer the feeding through a large-bore syringe.
- D. Flush the tube with 0.9% sodium chloride every 4 hours.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should take is to flush the tube with 0.9% sodium chloride every 4 hours. This helps maintain patency and prevents clogs during enteral feedings. Keeping the head of the bed elevated to 15 degrees (Choice A) is important for preventing aspiration but is not directly related to tube care. Changing the feeding bag every 48 hours (Choice B) is not a standard practice as the bag should be changed every 24 hours to prevent bacterial growth. Administering the feeding through a large-bore syringe (Choice C) is incorrect as enteral feedings should be given through an appropriate feeding pump for accuracy and safety.
5. The nurse is preparing to care for a newborn with an omphalocele. The nurse should understand that care of the infant should include what intervention?
- A. Initiating breast or bottle-feedings to stabilize the blood glucose level
- B. Maintaining pain management with an intravenous opioid
- C. Covering the intact bowel with a nonadherent dressing to prevent injury
- D. Performing immediate surgery
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The priority intervention for an infant with an omphalocele is to cover the intact bowel with a nonadherent dressing to protect the exposed organs and prevent infection. This intervention is crucial to prevent injury and maintain the infant's safety. Initiating feedings or maintaining pain management are not the immediate priorities in the care of an infant with an omphalocele. Performing immediate surgery may be required in the future, but initially, covering the bowel is the first critical step in management.
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