ATI RN
Proctored Pharmacology ATI
1. Hydrochlorothiazide is classified as a
- A. Anti-inflammatory
- B. Antiarrhythmic
- C. Diuretic
- D. Antifungal
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is classified as a diuretic. Diuretics are medications that help the body get rid of excess salt and water by increasing urine production, reducing fluid retention, and lowering blood pressure. Option A, Anti-inflammatory, is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide does not primarily reduce inflammation. Option B, Antiarrhythmic, is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide is not used to correct heart rhythm irregularities. Option D, Antifungal, is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide is not used to treat fungal infections.
2. Where does most nutrient digestion and absorption occur?
- A. Large intestine
- B. Small intestine
- C. Stomach
- D. Mouth
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The small intestine is the correct answer. It is the primary site for nutrient digestion and absorption in the digestive system. The small intestine plays a crucial role in breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into forms that can be absorbed by the body. While the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, the majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine. The stomach primarily functions in the initial digestion of proteins, and the mouth begins the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing.
3. A client is bedridden and appears to be frail and malnourished. Which nursing interventions will increase the risk of pressure injury?
- A. Applying moisturizer to dry areas of the skin
- B. Massaging the client’s reddened shoulders and heels
- C. Cleansing the skin routinely after soiling occurs
- D. Using a Hoyer lift for all transfers
Correct answer: Massaging the client’s reddened shoulders and heels
Rationale:
4. A nurse is preparing to teach a group of clients about vitamins and minerals. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following minerals is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses?
- A. Phosphorus
- B. Calcium
- C. Chloride
- D. Zinc
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Corrected Question: A nurse is preparing to teach a group of clients about vitamins and minerals. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following minerals is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses? Correct Answer: Calcium Rationale: Calcium is crucial for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. It plays a vital role in the proper functioning of the nervous system. Phosphorus is important for bone health and energy metabolism, not nerve impulse transmission. Chloride is an electrolyte important for fluid balance but not directly involved in nerve impulse transmission. Zinc is essential for immune function and wound healing but not specifically required for nerve impulse transmission.
5. A client has a new prescription for Metoprolol to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Stop taking the medication if your heart rate is below 70/min.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Avoid sudden changes in position.
- D. Increase your fluid intake while taking this medication.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting Metoprolol is to avoid sudden changes in position. Metoprolol can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness and falls if the client changes positions quickly. By advising the client to make position changes slowly, the nurse helps prevent these adverse effects and promotes safety.
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