how is family systems theory best described

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. How is family systems theory best described?

A. The family is viewed as the sum of individual members
B. A change in one family member cannot create a change in other members
C. Individual family members are readily identified as the source of a problem
D. When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Family systems theory views the family as a whole, where changes in one member affect the entire system, and changes can occur at any point within the system.

2. What is an important consideration in understanding the reactions of parents when their infant is born with physical defects?

A. Grief lasts until the defects are repaired.
B. Denial is a common adaptive reaction.
C. The psychologic reaction is similar to that with the death of an infant.
D. Reactions of health professionals to the birth of an infant can affect parents’ reactions.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a parent's infant is born with physical defects, understanding the psychological reactions is crucial. The reaction is often similar to the grief experienced when facing the death of a child. Parents need to grieve for the loss of the expected child and adapt to the needs of a child with physical defects. The grief process typically involves stages like shock, frustration, and anger, which can last for years. Denial during the shock phase is not maladaptive but can help parents cope initially. Additionally, parents are sensitive to the behavior of health professionals, whose interactions can significantly influence the parents' reactions to the infant. Therefore, recognizing the similarity of the psychological reaction to grief is an important consideration in understanding how parents cope with their infant's physical defects.

3. Which is the most frequently used test for measuring visual acuity?

A. Snellen letter chart
B. Ishihara vision test
C. Allen picture card test
D. Denver eye screening test

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Snellen letter chart is the most commonly used test for measuring visual acuity, particularly in school-age children and adults.

4. Which explains the importance of detecting strabismus in young children?

A. Color vision deficit may result.
B. Amblyopia, a type of blindness, may result.
C. Epicanthal folds may develop in the affected eye
D. Corneal light reflexes may fall symmetrically within each pupil

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Undetected strabismus can lead to amblyopia, where the brain favors one eye over the other, potentially resulting in permanent vision loss in the affected eye.