ATI RN
Psychology 101 Final Exam
1. How does the concept of neural plasticity relate to recovery from brain injuries?
- A. Neural plasticity means the brain cannot recover from injuries.
- B. Neural plasticity allows the brain to recover and reorganize after injuries.
- C. Neural plasticity refers to the brain's inability to change after injury.
- D. Neural plasticity is a myth.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Neural plasticity allows the brain to recover and reorganize after injuries. It is the brain's ability to adapt and change, forming new connections or reorganizing existing ones to compensate for damage. Choice A is incorrect as neural plasticity enables recovery. Choice C is incorrect as neural plasticity involves the brain's capacity to change. Choice D is incorrect as neural plasticity is a well-established phenomenon in neuroscience.
2. Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant and interferes with the action of:
- A. Platelets
- B. Vitamin K
- C. Calcium
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin K. Warfarin works by inhibiting the action of vitamin K, which is crucial for the synthesis of clotting factors in the blood. By interfering with vitamin K, warfarin decreases the production of these clotting factors, thereby prolonging the time it takes for blood to clot. This is why individuals on warfarin therapy need to monitor their vitamin K intake. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because warfarin does not directly interfere with platelets, calcium, or vitamin B12.
3. Which action exemplifies a policy-level intervention in community health?
- A. Providing health education to the community
- B. Advocating for legislative changes
- C. Implementing new treatment protocols
- D. Developing health policies
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Advocating for legislative changes is a policy-level intervention as it involves influencing and promoting changes in laws and regulations that can have a broad impact on community health outcomes. This type of intervention aims to address systemic issues and create sustainable improvements in public health by shaping policies at a higher level.
4. Which factor is most critical for the sustainability of health programs?
- A. Continuous community involvement
- B. Support from local government
- C. Availability of funding
- D. Regular program evaluation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Continuous community involvement is the most critical factor for the sustainability of health programs. When the community is actively engaged and involved in health initiatives, there is a higher likelihood of long-term support and success. Community involvement fosters ownership, collaboration, and ensures that health programs are tailored to meet the specific needs of the community, leading to better outcomes and sustainability over time.
5. The parents of a young child ask the nurse for suggestions about discipline. When discussing the use of time-outs, which should the nurse include?
- A. Send the child to his or her room if the child has one.
- B. A general rule for length of time is 1 hour per year of age.
- C. Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway.
- D. If the child cries, refuses, or is more disruptive, try another approach.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Time-outs should be in a safe, nonstimulating area, with the length typically being 1 minute per year of the child's age, not 1 hour.
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