fluid retention can cause lab values to be deceptively high whereas dehydration may cause the values to be deceptively low
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023

1. Can fluid retention cause lab values to be deceptively high, whereas dehydration may cause the values to be deceptively low?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The statement is incorrect. Fluid retention generally results in lab values appearing deceptively low, not high, because the excess fluid dilutes the concentration of substances in the blood. Conversely, dehydration can make lab values appear deceptively high as the reduced fluid volume in the body means substances in the blood are less diluted. Choices 'C: Not always' and 'D: Sometimes' are not specific and do not directly address the statement in the question, hence they are incorrect.

2. As a nurse assigned for care for geriatric patients, you need to frequently assess your patient using the nursing process. Which of the following needs be considered with the highest priority?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. In comparison to infants born to women of normal weight, infants born to obese women are _____.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Infants born to obese women are more likely to have neural tube defects compared to infants born to women of normal weight. This increased risk is attributed to factors such as poor maternal nutrition and increased inflammation during pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect because infants born to obese women have a higher risk of heart defects. Choice B is incorrect as infants born to obese women are more likely to have higher birthweights. Choice C is incorrect as obese women are more likely to experience complications during birth.

4. What intervention would be most appropriate for a patient who has difficulty eating because of chewing problems?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Providing soft foods is crucial for patients with chewing difficulties to ensure they can consume adequate nutrition without discomfort.

5. For a patient with celiac disease, which dietary modification is necessary?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid gluten. Patients with celiac disease have an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals with celiac disease to avoid gluten-containing products. Increasing protein intake (Choice A) is not specifically necessary for celiac disease management. Increasing dairy intake (Choice C) is unrelated to the dietary requirements of individuals with celiac disease. Avoiding lactose (Choice D) is relevant for individuals with lactose intolerance, not celiac disease. Therefore, the only necessary modification for a patient with celiac disease is to avoid gluten.

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