Nursing Elites

1. You will give health instructions to Carlo, a case of bronchial asthma. The health instruction will include the following, EXCEPT:

• A. Avoid emotional stress and extreme temperature
• B. Avoid pollution like smoking
• C. Avoid pollens, dust, seafood
• D. Practice respiratory isolation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

2. A client is on a 2,000-calorie American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet and substitutes whole milk with skim milk. Which of the following items can the client add to the oatmeal on his breakfast tray?

• A. One 1/8 teaspoon of salt
• B. One ounce of raisins
• C. One tablespoon of low-fat margarine
• D. One teaspoon of brown sugar

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is one ounce of raisins. Raisins are a healthy option to add to oatmeal as they provide natural sweetness without added sugars. They are a good source of fiber and essential nutrients. Option A, one 1/8 teaspoon of salt, is not necessary for flavoring oatmeal. Option C, one tablespoon of low-fat margarine, may add unnecessary fat to the meal. Option D, one teaspoon of brown sugar, adds extra sugar, which should be limited in a diabetes-friendly diet.

3. A client with Crohn's disease is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following food choices aligns with the recommended diet for clients with Crohn's disease?

• A. Vanilla milkshake
• B. Buttered popcorn
• C. Tossed green salad
• D. Toast with jelly

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is a 'Tossed green salad.' Clients with Crohn's disease often benefit from a low-residue diet, which includes easily digestible foods like leafy green vegetables found in a tossed green salad. This type of diet helps minimize gastrointestinal symptoms. Choices A, B, and D are not ideal for clients with Crohn's disease. Vanilla milkshake, buttered popcorn, and toast with jelly may exacerbate symptoms due to their high fat, fiber, or sugar content, which can be harder to digest.

4. An elderly man is hospitalized with a diagnosis of malnutrition three months following his wife's death. What risk factor for malnutrition does this scenario illustrate?

• A. A history of chronic illness
• B. Depression or social isolation
• C. Age
• D. Impaired mobility

Correct answer: B

Rationale: This scenario illustrates depression or social isolation as a risk factor for malnutrition. After the death of his wife, the elderly man may have experienced depression or social isolation, which can lead to decreased food intake and poor nutritional status. Although age, chronic illness, and impaired mobility can also contribute to malnutrition, they are not the primary factors described in this scenario. The history of chronic illness (Choice A) and impaired mobility (Choice D) were not mentioned in the scenario, and while age (Choice C) is a factor, it's not the main factor depicted in this case.

5. Where is Vitamin E commonly found?

• A. produced by bacteria in the GI tract
• B. synthesized by the body through sunlight exposure
• C. associated with beriberi deficiency
• D. present in vegetable oils

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin E is an antioxidant commonly found in sources like vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from damage. Choices A and B are incorrect as Vitamin E is not produced by bacteria in the GI tract nor synthesized by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine), not Vitamin E.

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