ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam 2023
1. You will give health instructions to Carlo, a case of bronchial asthma. The health instruction will include the following, EXCEPT:
- A. Avoid emotional stress and extreme temperature
- B. Avoid pollution like smoking
- C. Avoid pollens, dust, seafood
- D. Practice respiratory isolation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
2. What laboratory value would be considered a high-risk measure for coronary heart disease assessment?
- A. triglycerides > 150 mg/dL
- B. BMI > 31
- C. LDL cholesterol < 128 mg/dL
- D. blood pressure of 128/82 mmHg
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: BMI > 31. A BMI over 31 is considered a high-risk factor for coronary heart disease as it indicates obesity, which is strongly linked to cardiovascular issues. Triglycerides > 150 mg/dL (choice A) can contribute to heart disease risk but are not as specific as BMI in assessing overall risk. LDL cholesterol < 128 mg/dL (choice C) is actually a desirable level, indicating lower risk. A blood pressure of 128/82 mmHg (choice D) is within normal range and not a high-risk measure specifically for coronary heart disease.
3. Which of the following is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency?
- A. Brittle nails
- B. Muscle weakness
- C. Night blindness
- D. Hair loss
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Muscle weakness is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, and its deficiency can lead to muscle weakness. Brittle nails (Choice A) are not typically associated with vitamin D deficiency. Night blindness (Choice C) is related to vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency. Hair loss (Choice D) can be linked to various factors, but it is not a common sign of vitamin D deficiency.
4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about food choices with the mother of an 8-month-old infant. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will give my child strained carrots and mashed egg yolks.
- B. I will give my child rice cereal and crackers.
- C. I will give my child pureed liver and strained pears.
- D. I will give my child applesauce and green peas.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Choice B, 'I will give my child rice cereal and crackers,' indicates a need for further teaching. Infants should not be given crackers at 8 months of age due to the risk of choking. Rice cereal is appropriate for infants, but it should be introduced carefully to avoid digestive issues. Choices A, C, and D are appropriate food choices for an 8-month-old infant, providing a variety of nutrients and textures suitable for their age and developmental stage.
5. Each statement is true of vitamin K, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Vitamin K is produced in the gut.
- B. Vitamin K functions as a catalyst for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors.
- C. Vitamin K maintains prothrombin levels.
- D. Vitamin K absorption increases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Vitamin K absorption decreases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation because in larger amounts, vitamin E acts as an anticoagulant. Vitamin K is not produced in the gut but can be obtained from food sources or supplements. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors and is crucial in maintaining prothrombin levels, which is vital for proper blood clotting. The incorrect choice, D, is misleading as high levels of vitamin E supplementation hinder vitamin K absorption due to its anticoagulant properties. Dental hygienists should be aware of the importance of vitamin K in blood clotting, especially when treating patients who are on anticoagulant medications for conditions like stroke prevention.