fatty acids may differ from one another

ATI RN

ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019

1. Fatty acids may differ from one another:

A. in chain length
B. in degree of saturation
C. in number of calories
D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fatty acids vary in chain length and degree of saturation, affecting their physical properties and health effects.

2. Which of the following is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency?

A. Brittle nails
B. Muscle weakness
C. Night blindness
D. Hair loss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Muscle weakness is a common sign of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, and its deficiency can lead to muscle weakness. Brittle nails (Choice A) are not typically associated with vitamin D deficiency. Night blindness (Choice C) is related to vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency. Hair loss (Choice D) can be linked to various factors, but it is not a common sign of vitamin D deficiency.

3. When counseling a teenager about fast food, a dental hygienist could correctly cite which of the following facts, with one exception. Which is the exception?

A. Most fast food menus lack a rich source of vitamin A
B. Consumer demands have driven the establishment of salads and other healthy menu items
C. Shortages of biotin, folate, pantothenic acid, and copper are reported in fast foods
D. Studies reveal that protein is lacking in most menu items

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D'. Fast food is generally not deficient in protein since it often contains meat, a significant source of protein. On the other hand, fast food is known to lack essential nutrients like Vitamin A and certain minerals, as mentioned in choices 'A' and 'C'. Choice 'B' is also accurate as many fast food establishments have started offering healthier options such as salads due to customer demands. Therefore, all options are true except 'D', which makes it the exception.

4. You are teaching your clients the difference between Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NDDM) diabetes. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Both types of diabetes mellitus clients are prone to developing ketosis.
B. Type II (NIDDM) is more common and preventable compared to Type I (IDDM) diabetes, which is genetic.
C. Type I (IIDM) is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia.
D. Type II (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormal immune response.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Type II diabetes (NIDDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. It is not primarily characterized by an abnormal immune response. Option A is incorrect because only Type I diabetes clients are prone to developing ketosis due to a lack of insulin. Option B is incorrect because while Type II diabetes is more common and often preventable through lifestyle changes, it is not solely genetic. Option C is incorrect because Type I diabetes, not Type II, is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia due to an absolute lack of insulin production.