ATI RN
Proctored Nutrition ATI
1. Electrolytes create _____, which is caused by water following electrolytes within or between cells.
- A. energy
- B. active transport
- C. passive diffusion
- D. osmotic pressure
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Osmotic pressure is the force that drives water movement across cell membranes due to the presence of electrolytes, helping to balance fluid levels in the body. Choice A, 'energy,' is incorrect as electrolytes do not directly create energy. Choice B, 'active transport,' refers to the movement of molecules across a cell membrane requiring energy, not the movement of water. Choice C, 'passive diffusion,' is the process by which substances move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration, not related to the movement of water following electrolytes.
2. A client is receiving radiation therapy for cancer. Which of the following skin care instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Apply alcohol-free lotions to your skin to prevent dryness.
- B. Avoid exposing the irradiated area to direct sunlight.
- C. Cleanse the irradiated area with mild soap and water.
- D. Apply ice packs to the irradiated area to prevent swelling.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid exposing the irradiated area to direct sunlight. Direct sunlight can further damage the skin during radiation therapy. Choice A is incorrect because alcohol-based lotions can irritate the skin further. Choice C is incorrect because mild soap and water can be drying to the skin. Choice D is incorrect because applying ice packs can cause additional skin damage during radiation therapy.
3. The healthcare provider is caring for a 9-month-old infant who just returned from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) after a shunt placement for hydrocephalus. Which healthcare provider prescription should the nurse question?
- A. Vital signs and neurologic checks hourly
- B. Small, frequent formula feedings
- C. Elevate the head of the bed
- D. Daily head circumference measurements
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed in a child with hydrocephalus can potentially increase intracranial pressure. This can be counterproductive and may lead to complications after shunt placement surgery. Keeping the head of the bed flat or slightly elevated is often recommended to optimize cerebral perfusion and reduce the risk of increased intracranial pressure.
4. The nurse is observing the way a patient walks. What aspect is the nurse assessing?
- A. Body alignment
- B. Gait
- C. Activity tolerance
- D. Range of motion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gait. Gait refers to the manner in which a person walks, including aspects such as stride length, step width, and walking speed. When a nurse observes a patient's gait, they are assessing their mobility and looking for any abnormalities or issues in their walking pattern. Choice A, body alignment, focuses more on the posture and position of the body rather than the actual walking pattern. Choice C, activity tolerance, relates to the ability to withstand physical activity without experiencing excessive fatigue. Choice D, range of motion, pertains to the extent of movement at a joint and is not directly related to observing the way a patient walks.
5. The nurse is caring for 4 clients. Which of these clients will the nurse see first?
- A. A client with sudden and increasing pain in his fractured arm
- B. A client being discharged in 2 hours and needs to be taught how to use his crutches
- C. A client with RA and a scheduled pain medication
- D. A client with a fractured ankle who would like a glass of water
Correct answer: A client with sudden and increasing pain in his fractured arm
Rationale: